Nine Essential Instructional Strategies Robert Marzano Nine Essential Instructional Strategies
Dr. Robert J. Marzano. . . Over his 35 years in education, Dr. Robert "Bob" Marzano has worked in every U.S. state and a host of countries in Europe and Asia. The central theme of his work has been translating research and theory into practical programs and tools for K-12 teachers and administrators. In addition to his duties at Marzano & Associates, he is a Senior Scholar at Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) and an Associate Professor at Cardinal Stritch University. Bob received his B.A. degree in English from Iona College, his M.Ed. degree in Reading and Language Arts from Seattle University, and his Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction from the University of Washington. Bob is the author of more than 20 books, 150 articles and chapters in books, and more than 100 curriculum guides and related materials for teachers and students in grades K-1
Factors Influencing Achievement Guaranteed and Viable Curriculum Challenging Goals and Effective Feedback Parent and Community Involvement Safe and Orderly Environment Collegiality and Professionalism School Teacher 6. Instructional Strategies 7. Classroom Management 8. Classroom Curriculum Design Student 9. Home Environment 10. Learning Intelligence/Background Knowledge 11. Motivation
What Works in Classroom Instruction by Robert J. Marzano, et. al. Getting Acquainted with the Essential Nine Researchers at Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL) have identified nine instructional strategies that are most likely to improve student achievement across all content areas and across all grade levels. 1. Identifying similarities and differences 2. Summarizing and note taking 3. Reinforcing effort and providing recognition 4. Homework and practice 5. Nonlinguistic representations 6. Cooperative learning 7. Setting objectives and providing feedback 8. Generating and testing hypotheses 9. Cues, questions, and advance organizers
Nine Essential Instructional Strategies
Nine Essential Instructional Strategies
Scaffolding ZPD Nine Essential Instructional Strategies Potential development Actual developmental level What a child can do alone Assistance of others Scaffolding “what children can do with the assistance of others might be in some sense even more indicative of their mental development than what they can do alone”.Vygotsky (1978)
2. 3. 4. 1. 5. 9. 6. 8. 7. Nine Essential Instructional Strategies Summarizing and note taking Reinforcing effort and providing recognition 4. 1. Homework and practice Identifying similarities and differences 5. 9. Nonlinguistic representations Cues, questions, and advance organizers 6. 8. 7. Cooperative learning Generating and testing hypotheses Setting objectives and providing feedback
2. 3. Summarizing and note taking Reinforcing effort and providing recognition 4. 1. Homework and practice Identifying similarities and differences Read through the essential nine instructional strategies for an expert jigsaw 5. 9. Nonlinguistic representations Cues, questions, and advance organizers 6. 8. 7. Cooperative learning Generating and testing hypotheses Setting objectives and providing feedback