Russian Revolutions World War I Rise of Dictators World War II Misc.

_________ was the Tsar of Russia before the revolutions. He got Russia involved in World War I.

Tsar Nicholas II

He was the leader of the communist Bolshevik party in Russia and overthrew the Provisional Government.

Vladimir Lenin

What are Soviets? (HINT: I am not looking for “people living in the Soviet Union.” It is a specific group.)

The Soviets are local councils of workers, peasants, and soldiers who began to rule in place of the Provisional Government. In some places the Soviets became more powerful than the Provisional Government. Lenin was able to come to power in Russia with the help of the Soviets.

What is totalitarianism?

Totalitarianism is a political system when the government has complete control over public and private life. The government uses propaganda, censorship, and fear to limit people’s information and keep them in line. This is the type of government Stalin created in the Soviet Union when he came to power.

How were Stalin and Trotsky’s views on the spread of communism different?

Stalin – wanted to focus on developing communism further in the Soviet Union and gaining full control of the government. Trotsky – wanted to spread communism to surrounding countries and eventually worldwide.

His assassination is the event that started World War I.

Archduke Franz Ferdinand

What is a total war?

A total war is when the entire country is involved in the war effort in some way – either by serving in the armed forces, working in a factory that produces wartime goods, or raising money and helping to ration.

How did the US get involved in World War I?

The US became involved in the war when Britain intercepted a telegram Germany was trying to send to Mexico. The telegram told Mexico if they joined the war on Germany’s side then Germany would help them reclaim land taken by the US. (Long term: unrestricted submarine warfare)

List three outcomes from the Treaty of Versailles. (Note: Multiple treaties were signed as a result of the Paris Peace Conference. The ToV ends the war between the Allies and Germany.)

- Germany must pay war reparations. (Note: Other Central Powers were forced to pay some reparations, but none as severe as Germany.) - Germany was entirely to blame for the war. - Germany could no longer have a military or military related industries. - Germany lost their land and colonies. - League of Nations was created but Germany the USSR couldn’t join.

List and define/explain the causes of World War I.

Militarism – countries were building up large standing armies even in times of peace Alliances – countries formed military alliances in peace times that would drag others into fighting Imperialism – the competition between countries heightened tensions Nationalism- intense pride in your nation (or nation-state/country) led to competition, tensions, and conflict

This is when the cost of living increases and income remains the same resulting in you feeling as if you lost money.

Inflation

Who is Benito Mussolini?

Mussolini was the fascist leader that came to power in Italy in He promised strong leadership, and to fix the economy. He served as an inspiration to the Nazis.

What is the Weimar Republic?

The Weimar Republic is the democratic coalition government created in Germany after World War I. They were blamed for signing the Treaty of Versailles and the high inflation.

Define fascism and give an example of some of the tactics a fascist government uses.

Fascism is a system of government where there is one leader and one political party. The leader demands complete and total loyalty to himself and the state. There is an extreme emphasis on nationalism and militarism. A fascist government uses fear tactics, propaganda, and censorship.

List and explain three new ideas Hitler and the Nazi party brought to Germany.

Lebensraum – increase living space for the Germany people (build and empire) Aryans – the idea of a pure blooded Germany race Fascism/Nazism – a form of government that demands complete and total loyalty to the leader. Violating the Treaty of Versailles

Giving in to enemy demands in order to keep the peace.

Appeasement

What countries were in the Axis Powers?

Germany Italy Japan

What is blitzkrieg and how does it work?

Blitzkrieg translates to lightning war. It was a German military tactic that involved heavy bombing following by fast moving tanks and ground troops.

What was agreed to in the German – Soviet Nonaggression Pact?

The German – Soviet Nonaggression Pact was an agreement between the two countries not to attack each other and to divide up territory in eastern Europe.

How was the United States involved in World War II before Pearl Harbor?

Sending supplies to Britain, firing at German submarines in the Atlantic, and cutting off Japan’s oil supply in response to their invasion of French Indochina.

He was the fascist leader of the Nazi party who came to power by being appointed chancellor in Germany in 1933.

Adolf Hitler

He was a British prime minister who appeased Hitler.

Neville Chamberlain

What is an armistice?

An armistice is an agreement to stop fighting.

Name the countries in the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance.

Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria – Hungary & Italy Triple Entente – Britain, France & Russia

What are kulaks and why were the accused of destroying collective farms?

Kulaks were wealthier landowning farmers in the Soviet Union. Many of them resisted giving up their land to the collective farms and resisted by killing their own cattle and destroying their crops. Stalin began a propaganda campaign against them and had anyone who resisted collective farms sent to prison camps.

WAGER! You may wager up to as many points as your team currently has. You will have 5 minutes to respond to this question. Your answer will be submitted in writing.

Was the Treaty of Versailles the cause of World War II? Give at least three specific examples to support your answer.