CALL FOR AND ADJUST INDIRECT FIRE King of Battle

LESSON OBJECTIVES ACTION: Call For and Adjust Indirect Fire. CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, given Binoculars, a Map, OP Location, Observed Fire Fan (OF Fan), Coordinate Scale, And TSFO. STANDARDS: Initiate an Adjust Fire Mission within 3 minutes of Identifying the Target. Observer must enter Fire-for-Effect (FFE) Phase using No More Than 5 Rounds In Adjustment, And FFE must be within 50 Meters. SAFETY: NO MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL: NO MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS RISK ASSESSMENT: LOW

GUNNERY TEAM Forward Observer (FO) Fire Direction Center (FDC) Guns (Unit Size)

CALL FOR FIRE ELEMENTS 1. Observer Identification 2. Warning Order 3. Target Location 4. Target Description 5. Method Of Engagement (Optional) 6. Method Of Fire And Control (Optional)

RADIO TRANSMISSIONS Observer ID & Warning Order Target Location 1ST TRANSMISSION Observer ID & Warning Order 2ND TRANSMISSION Target Location 3RD TRANSMISSION Target Description METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

METHOD OF TARGET LOCATION Grid Coordinate Polar Plot Shift From a Known Point

MAP READING - MAY INCLUDE 100K ID GRID COORDINATE Observer’s Location - Not needed by FDC MAP READING - MAY INCLUDE 100K ID 6 DIGIT GRID - Accuracy 100 Meters 8 DIGIT GRID - Accuracy 10 Meters (Precision Missions)

POLAR PLOT Observer’s Location - Must be Known by FDC OT Direction (10 MILS) (Grid Mils, Degrees, Cardinal) Distance to Target (100 METERS) Vertical Shift - (5 METERS) 35 Meters or more

SHIFT FROM A KNOWN POINT Known Point Must be Known by Observer & FDC A target that has been fired on A prominent terrain feature A man-made structure Any prominent feature whose location is known to the FDC MUST DETERMINE: OT Direction (10 Mils) Lateral Shift (10 Meters) Range Change (100 Meters) Vertical Shift (5 Meters) (If 35 Meters or greater)

*VERY IMPORTANT FOR CHOOSING THE BEST SHELL/FUZE COMBINATION TARGET DESCRIPTION What is the target ? What is the target doing ? Number of elements in the target Degree of protection Target size and shape *VERY IMPORTANT FOR CHOOSING THE BEST SHELL/FUZE COMBINATION

DANGER CLOSE MORTARS - 600 METERS ARTILLERY - 600 METERS 5” NAVAL GUNFIRE -750 Meters HISTORY 16” NAVAL GUNFIRE (CONVENTIONAL) -1000 Meters 16” NAVAL GUNFIRE (ICM AND CVT) - 2000 Meters

FO POLAR MISSION FDC K13 THIS IS D11, AF, Polar, Over Direction 1600, Distance 2500, Over Six T-72 Tanks, In the Open, Over FO Direction 1600, Distance 2500, Out Six T-72 TANKS, I/O, Out D11 THIS IS K13, AF, Polar, Out FDC

HOW TO ADJUST FIRES

Applied to Deviation - Converts (Mils to Meters) OT FACTOR OT RANGE / 1000 OT FACTOR 2,700 3 2.7 4 4.4 4,400 4 3,500 3.5 800 .8 .8 Applied to Deviation - Converts (Mils to Meters)

RETICLE PATTERN 5 4 3 2 1 6 7 x 10

Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting 5 4 3 2 1 6 7 @ 2,400m

Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting @ 3,700m 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting

Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 5 4 3 2 1 @ 3500 m

Apply OT Factor to Deviation Spotting 5 4 3 2 1 6 7 @ 700 m

ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES RANGE CORRECTIONS ADJUSTMENT TECHNIQUES SUCCESSIVE BRACKET HASTY BRACKET ONE-ROUND ADJUSTMENT CREEPING FIRE

SUMMARY Gunnery Team Call For Fires Observer Identification Warning Order Target Location ... Grid - Polar - Shift from a Kn Pt Target Description Method Of Engagement Method Of Fire And Control Radio Transmissions Artillery Expressions Message to Observer (MTO) Observer-Target Factor (OT) Adjusting Fires End of Missions