Nu Xu1/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Recent Results from the STAR Experiment at RHIC Nu Xu Lawrence Berkeley National.

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Nu Xu1/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Recent Results from the STAR Experiment at RHIC Nu Xu Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Many Thanks to the Organizers

Nu Xu2/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Outline 1)Introduction 2) STAR Experiment at RHIC -Status of the experiment -Recent results on Conic Emissions 3) Explore the QCD Phase Diagram -Beam Energy Scan Program at RHIC

Nu Xu3/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, Identify and study the properties of matter (EOS) with partonic degrees of freedom. - Explore the QCD phase diagram. Physics Goals at RHIC

Nu Xu4/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 RHIC BRAHMS PHOBOS PHENIX STAR AGS TANDEMS Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY Animation M. Lisa - RHIC: The highest energy heavy-ion collider in the world!  s NN = GeV Au + Au, Cu + Cu, d + Au - RHIC: The highest energy polarized proton collider!  s = 200, 500 GeV - RHIC: The highest energy heavy-ion collider in the world!  s NN = GeV Au + Au, Cu + Cu, d + Au - RHIC: The highest energy polarized proton collider!  s = 200, 500 GeV

Nu Xu5/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 STAR Experiment

Nu Xu6/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 STAR Physics Focus 1) Heavy-ion program - Study medium properties, EoS - pQCD in hot and dense medium 2) RHIC beam energy scan - Search for critical point - Chiral symmetry restoration Polarized spin program - Study proton intrinsic properties Forward program - Study low-x properties, search for CGC - Study elastic (inelastic) processes (pp2pp) - Investigate gluonic exchanges

Nu Xu7/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 STAR Detector MRPC ToF barrel 100% ready for run 10 RPSD PMD FPD FMSFMS EMC barrel EMC End Cap DAQ % ready for run 9 Complete Ongoing R&D TPC FTPC Full azimuthal particle identification! γ, e, π, ρ, K, K*, p, φ, Λ, Δ, Ξ, Ω, D, Λ C, J/ψ, Υ …

Nu Xu8/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 HFT TPC FGT STAR Detectors: Full 2π particle identification! EMC+EEMC+FMS (-1 ≤  ≤ 4) TOF DAQ1000

Nu Xu9/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Particle Identification at STAR STAR TPC STAR ToF STAR EMC STAR HFT Neutral particles Strange Jets Heavy Quark hyperons Hadrons Multiple-fold correlations among the identified particles! e, μ π K p d TPC ToF TPC Log 10 (p)

Nu Xu10/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Particle Identification (ii) Reconstruct particles in full azimuthal acceptance of STAR!

Nu Xu11/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Hadron Spectra from RHIC p+p and Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV sss ss uud ud Multi-strange hadron spectra are exponential in shape. STAR white papers - Nucl. Phys. A757, 102(2005). more central collisions 0-5%

Nu Xu12/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008  - mesons and Strange Baryons ssbar fusion   -meson formation! STAR: Phys. Lett. B612, 81(2005) STAR: PRL. 99 (2007) Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 62301(2007)

Nu Xu13/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 The s- and d-quark Spectra Assuming that the process of hadronization follows coalescence  - parton spectra - ‘partonic collective flow’ velocity ~ c JinHui Chen: SQM08 c.f. Phys. Rev. C78 (2008)

Nu Xu14/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 STAR DetectorMRPC ToF barrel 100% ready for run 10 RPSD PMD FPD FMSFMS EMC barrel EMC End Cap DAQ % ready for run 9 FGT Completed Ongoing MTD R&D HFT TPC

Nu Xu15/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Quark Masses 1)Higgs mass: electro-weak symmetry breaking. (current quark mass) 2)QCD mass: Chiral symmetry breaking. (constituent quark mass) éNew mass scale compared to the excitation of the system. éImportant tool for studying properties of the hot/dense medium at RHIC. éTest pQCD predictions at RHIC. Total quark mass (MeV)

Nu Xu16/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Charm Hadron v 2 and R AA GeV Au+Au m.b. collisions (500M events). - Charm hadron collectivity  drag/diffusion constants  Medium properties! GeV Au+Au m.b. collisions (|y|< M events) - Charm hadron R AA  - Energy loss mechanism! - QCD in dense medium!

Nu Xu17/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Mach-Cone - Mach shock waves: J. Hofmann, H. Stocker, U. Heinz, W. Scheid, W. Greiner Phys. Rev. Lett., 36, (76) - In high-energy nuclear collisions, a useful tool to analyze the interaction between energetic jets and hot/dense medium in order to extract the properties of the medium. - Model predictions: hydrodynamic, QCD, transport, Ads/CFT

Nu Xu18/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 The Ridge from RHIC STAR: Joern Putschke, J.Phys.G34:S679 (07) RidgeJet Bulk Medium Rich underlying physics: initial condition, jet, bulk, jet-medium interaction, medium responses,… “theoretical responses” are very strong! N. Armesto et al.; R. Hwa; A. Majumder, et al.; E. Suryak; S. Voloshin; C.Y. Wong

Nu Xu19/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Search for Mach Cone with Three Particle Correlations Medium away near deflected jets away near Medium Conical Emission d+Au STAR: sub. to PRL, arXiv: Au+Au (0-12%) “Evidence of conical emission …”

Nu Xu20/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 sQGP and the QCD Phase Diagram In 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC, strongly interacting matter formed: - Jet energy loss: R AA - Strong collectivity: v 0, v 1, v 2 - Hadronization via coalescence: n q -scaling Questions: Is thermalization reached at RHIC? - Systematic analysis with dN/dp T and dv 2 /dp T results… - Heavy quark measurements When (at which energy) does this transition happen? What does the QCD phase diagram look like? - RHIC Beam Energy Scan

Nu Xu21/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 The QCD Phase Diagram - LGT prediction on the transition Temperature, T C, is robust. - LGT calculation, universality, and Models point to the existence of the critical point on the QCD phase diagram* at finite baryon chemical potential. - Experimental evidence for either the critical point or 1 st order transition is important for our knowledge of the QCD phase diagram*. * Thermalization is assumed Stephanov, Rajagopal, and Shuryak, PRL 81, 4816(98) Rajagopal, PR D61, (00) Science.Low-Res.pdf Science.Low-Res.pdf STAR’s plan: run10: RHIC Beam Energy Scan run11: Heavy Quark measurements

Nu Xu22/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Au + Au Collisions at 9.2 GeV 1)~ 3500 collisions collected 2)Determine Luminosity 3)STAR has preliminary results on: Particle identification in TPC; charged multiplicity,  -  interferometry, particle spectra and ratios; v 1 and v 2 PID will be further significantly extended using full TOF. Lokesh SQM08

Nu Xu23/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, GeV Collider Acceptance √s NN 6 GeV 17 GeV √s NN = 9.2 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC Fix-target Mode NA49 Collider Mode STAR

Nu Xu24/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Identified Hadron Spectra at mid-y Lokesh Kumar STAR: SQM2008

Nu Xu25/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Observable I: Quark Scaling - m  ~ m p ~ 1 GeV - ss   not K + K -   -   h <<  p ,  In the hadronic case, no number of quark scaling and the value of v 2 of  will be small.  

Nu Xu26/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 Observable II: χ q, χ S Event by event: 1.net-proton Kurtosis K p (E) 2. two proton correlation functions C 2 (E) 3. ratio of the d/p 4. ratio of K/p M. Cheng et al., arXiv: F. Karsch, INT, 2008

Nu Xu27/27International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 17-20, November, 2008 STAR Physics Focus 1) Heavy-ion program - Study medium properties, EoS - pQCD in hot and dense medium 2) Beam energy scan at RHIC - Search for critical point - Chiral symmetry restoration (1) Heavy quark v 2 and R AA : Thermalization and EoS parameters (2) Beam energy scan: Search for the QCD phase boundary and the possibly critical point

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