SAN JOSE V. ESPADA Mission Comparisons

San Jose Mission Known as the “Queen of the Missions” Founded in 1720 Built on the banks of the San Antonio river (just south of Valero) Restored in 1933 (WPA)

San Jose Mission Misconception: missions are not churches Major social and cultural center Sustained extensive fields and herds of livestock Raided by the Apache and Comanche Indians Men learned to use the bow and arrow, guns, and cannons for protection

Espada Mission Founded in 1690 as San Francisco de los Tejas (Neches River) 2 nd Mission in TX Served as a buffer against French invasions from Louisiana

Espada Mission Transferred to the San Antonio area in 1734 Attempted to train the Caddoes then the Coahuiltecans to be loyal Spain Life was mirrored on that of Spanish villages and their culture (Catholic faith, Spanish language)

Espada Mission To become citizens, Native Americans learned vocational skills and trades (blacksmithing, weaving, ranching) Raided by Comanche Indians, who would end up killing all of their livestock