Trimble Accuracy Configurations

– HH-Z10 System Accuracy Specifications GPS – RTK – ± 10mm (0.032ft) ATS Robotic Total Station – ± 2 - 5mm (0.007 – 0.016ft) Laser / Laser Augmentation – ± 3 - 6mm (0.01 – 0.02ft) Sonic Tracer – ± 1mm (0.04”)

– HH-Z10 Real-Time Precision GPS Base Station Rover (s): - Machine - Range Pole - Site Vehicle

– HH-Z10 GPS Factors affecting GPS positioning accuracy: Base station setup Base station type Quality of the radio link Quality of existing control network Quality of GPS signals Distance base station - machine

– HH-Z10 GPS Base Station Setup Avoid sources of multipath Initial base antenna position should be retained: - antenna should be mounted stable - if the antenna is mounted on a trailer the antenna / trailer should not be moved after a site calibration has been performed

– HH-Z10 GPS Base Station Type Avoid the use of older receiver models like the 4000 or This is due to their signal tracking performance - they do not use modernized GPS signals and deliver measurements with a higher latency than newer models. Receiver models which support the modernized GPS signals should be used for best performance. If GCS900 is equipped with MS990 GPS receivers a base station which is able to track GPS+GLONASS should be used

– HH-Z10 GPS Base Station Type When using 3rd party receivers at the base it is reasonable to expect degradation in position accuracy of GCS900 for the following reasons: - we cannot recognize their base station antenna model - we cannot always fully decode the messages they are transmitting (Leica CMR+ Glonass messages, for example), thus losing the advantage of a GNSS system (MS990). If using a Virtual reference Station one can expect varying latency of the base station data

– HH-Z10 Trimble Radio Link

– HH-Z10 Radio Link Good quality radio link required >95% If using repeater radios it is essential to configure them correctly in order to avoid interference

– HH-Z10 Control Network Good quality existing control necessary GPS calibration does not improve quality of control points Check GPS calibration before uploading to GCS900 – make sure the residuals are reasonable

– HH-Z10 GPS Signal Quality - Multipath Sources of Multipath: Buildings Large bodies of water Flat metallic surfaces Chain link fences Sources of Multipath: Buildings Large bodies of water Flat metallic surfaces Chain link fences

– HH-Z10 Distance Base - Machine With increasing distance from the base the GPS accuracy decreases Error for a single position according to MS990 specs: H= 2cm+2ppm V= 3cm+2ppm being 6mi (10km) from the base you can expect: H= 2cm+2cm=4cm (1.6in) V= 3cm+2cm=5cm (2 in) MS990 outputs 10Hz positions, so errors are smoothed by filters and inertia The vertical accuracy can be improved by using Laser Augmentation

– HH-Z10 Trimble GCS900 A flexible system that supports multiple machines types, sensors and configurations: Dual GPS Graders, Dozers, Scrapers, Rollers, Excavators Single GPS Graders, Dozers, Scrapers, Rollers Single ATS Graders, Dozers Dual Laser Graders, Dozers Single Laser Graders, Dozers Single Sonic Graders

– HH-Z10 Flexible Configurations Range of options – GPS – ATS Robotic Total Station – Laser / GPS with laser augmentation – Sonic Tracer Select the best positioning sensor for the job site and accuracy requirements

– HH-Z10 Two Antennas Are Better Than One Only Trimble's patented dual antenna system gives you exact course and blade position... not the estimated position Less error always means more productivity +>

– HH-Z10 Work Anywhere You Need to Work Trimble GCS900 lets you be more productive by working on any site conditions Other systems require a dedicated zone of laser pulses If you have steep grades, you're out of the zone If you need other lasers for other machines or processes... you're out of luck, because they won't work in the zone

– HH-Z10 Smart Productivity Only Trimble offers the MS990 Smart GPS + GLONASS Antenna... an integrated receiver and antenna designed to provide maximum – Portability – Flexibility – Accuracy Even under the toughest construction conditions you'll ever encounter

– HH-Z10 ATS vs GPS GPS is ideal for: – those operating with a fleet of machines on the same project – when earthwork is the primary focus – maximum site-wide flexibility ATS is ideal for: – those who operate independently & frequently move between projects – when fine grading is the primary role – those who require high accuracy from a single positioning solution

– HH-Z10 GCS900 – New “ATS” Support The ATS600 has now been surpassed!! – It has been an Incredible run as the market leading mm 3D solution for grade control SPSx30 instruments are the successors – Easier to use=> Shorter learning curve – Faster update rate=> Improved auto performance – Lower latency=> Faster machine operation – Faster turn rate=> Faster machine operation – Less power consumed=> Car battery not required – Two accuracies=> Two price points Add to this the MT900 on-machine target – +/- 45° Vertical Tracking=> Steep slopes

– HH-Z10 Trimble SPS930/SPS730 Universal Total Station Two models for use with Trimble GCS900 – SPS9301” (H) / 1” (V) – SPS7303” (H) / 2” (V) Operational range: – ~ 700m (2300ft) (general grade control tasks) – ~ 300m (1000ft) (fine grading) Feature set for high accuracy grade control! – MagDrive™ High speed turning and tracking – Synchronized data Accurate positions to moving targets – Low fixed data latency – High Update Rate (up to 20 Hz) – Active Target 16 channels of unique IDs Internal 2.4 GHz Radio

– HH-Z10 Trimble MT900 Machine Target Acrylic foil with 360 degree ring of infrared LED’s – Reliable tracking at any horizontal direction – For steep vertical angles and slope work – Plus / minus 45 degrees, using active tracking Only Trimble provides this advanced capability! 16 programmable ID’s – Allows the instrument to lock-on, track the correct target every time – High accuracy grading in higher gears Common on-machine mount bracket – Same as the RMT600 machine target No other system on the market today can provides the same speed and performance

– HH-Z10 Optical 3D Sensors Factors affecting accuracy: Instrument type Instrument setup Control network Distance to machine Environmental

– HH-Z10 Instrument Type ATS UTS 6 Hz 20Hz ATS 1“/1“ 6Hz SPS930 1”/1” 20Hz SPS730 3”/2” 20Hz

– HH-Z10 Instrument Setup Use a stable tripod Find a good position which fulfills the following requirements: - Free from vibrations from nearby machinery or wind - Ensures a continuous line of sight to machine target In hot weather: avoid direct sun, use an umbrella When on frozen ground note that after a while the ground may warm up and the the tripod sink in

– HH-Z10 Control Network Use >2 control points if possible Use good quality control points with a good geometry The working area of the machine should be enclosed by the used control points, the points as far away as possible Control points should not be close to each other, e.g the angle between them should be big Use tripods rather than rods on backsight points and center them very accurately Working area ATS

– HH-Z10 Control Network - Check the setup results in SCS900, re-measure or use other control points if necessary

– HH-Z10 Distance to machine Accuracy decreases with higher distance to machine Maximum distances when using UTS with MT900: – ~ 700 meters (2300 ft) for general grade control tasks – ~ 350 meters (1000 ft) for fine grading

– HH-Z10 Environmental Other factors affecting accuracy: High temperature = refraction Changing temperature and pressure Dust, fog Rain, snow

– HH-Z10 Trimble GCS900 GPS with Laser Augmentation Flexibility of GPS with the vertical accuracy of laser – Ideal for applications that require higher vertical accuracy or + = 3 - 6mm (0.01 – 0.02ft) accuracy or

– HH-Z10 Trimble ST400 Sonic Tracer Replaces the ST300 Improved Design – Signal filtering – Temperature compensation Instance Detection – No need to configure for side Sensor accuracy – Typical +/- 1mm (0.04”)

– HH-Z10 Key Features and Benefits Atmospheric temperature compensation – provides consistent repeatable accuracy in diverse regions and jobsite conditions Multicolored integrated grade display – yellow LED arrows indicate above and below grade, a green LED bar signals on grade Unique waveguide technology – maintains the strongest acoustic signature by filtering ambient or stray signals Selectable On-Grade Accuracy – the operator selects accuracy to suit jobsite specifications

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