2016

 Legislative Branch – Makes laws  Judicial Branch – interprets the laws  Checks and balances – limit the power of each branch  Anti-federalists – believed the national government given too much power  3/5ths compromise – determined how to count the slave population in each state for representation  The Great Compromise – 2 houses in Congress (Senate + House of Rep.)

 President Washington’s Precedents – 1. Establish Cabinet 2. Policy of neutrality 3. Serve 2 terms 4. Inauguration  Washington’s Policy of Neutrality – Stay neutral between fighting nations (Britain + France)  Effect of Whiskey Rebellion – proved that the new Constitution was STRONG!

 National government (Constitution) vs. Articles of Confederation – National government had MORE power than states.  Shared powers (Federal + State) – An example would be taxes.  Marbury vs. Madison – Established Judicial Review  Bill of Rights - protects basic rights of citizens

 Effect of the Louisiana Purchase – 1. Doubled the size of the U.S. 2. settlers moved west over Mississippi River 3. France loses all claims in North America.  Tariffs (Alexander Hamilton) – grow American industry  Goals of the War Hawks in War of 1812 – 1. take Canada 2. stop Britain from taking our ships 3. take Florida from Spain  Result of the War of 1812 – increase American pride  Monroe Doctrine (focus location) – Latin America

 Effects of Canals & Railroads – decreased the cost of sending goods from East to West  Textiles (cotton cloth production)– first industry to feel impact of Industrial Revolution  Impact of Cotton Gin – Increase demand for land to grow cotton  Sectionalism – Strong feelings as either a northerner or southerner.

 Tariff of 1828 – Southerners hated it because they felt they were being forced to pay for northerners prosperity.  Spoils System – practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs  National Bank vs. Andrew Jackson – Pres. Jackson believed it favored wealthy over poor.  Trail of Tears – Indian Removal Act (Congress) forced Native Americans to move west.  Andrew Jackson – viewed as a Champion of the People by the “common man”

 Manifest Destiny – Belief that the United States should spread west to the Pacific Ocean.  Chinese Migration to California – “pull factor” was job opportunities (gold discovered SF 48ers)  Main Cause of Mexican War – Border Dispute  Compromise of California a free state, STRONG fugitive slave law.

Emancipation Proclamation – Lincoln’s intent to end slavery in the states that seceded  Frederick Douglass - effective speaker of the Abolitionist movement because he had been a slave.  Anaconda Plan (North's Plan to win the war) - 1) blockade southern ports 2) capture Richmond 3) control the Mississippi River

Southern States Secede - Because the South saw Lincoln as a threat to way of life. Abolitionists & reformers - goal was to extend of voter rights. 13th amendment – outlawed slavery in the United States Freedmen’s Bureau – Assisted former slaves with basic needs Ku Klux Klan – Terrorist organization after the Civil War

Based on the graphic, most people in the South prior to the Civil War...

Based on this map, what was the final destination of people traveling the underground railroad? Why was this their destination?

Pick TWO transportation innovations between that affected growth and development of the United States. Trains/Railroads Canals National Road Steamboats Who, What, Where, When, Why Important?