George Washington The First President

George Washington established certain Precedents that are still followed today. One example is to be referred to as “Mr. President”.

Congress set up three departments in the executive branch - Cabinet Secretary of State – Thomas Jefferson Who would handle relations with other nations.

Treasury Department which would Deal with financial matters Secretary of Treasury – Alexander Hamilton

War Department which would provide for the nation’s defense – Secretary of War – Henry Knox Fort Knox, Kentucky Is named for Henry Knox

Judiciary Act of 1789 – established the Federal Court System which would have the Power to reverse state decisions. The Supreme Court would have the final Authority. John Jay would be first Chief Justice to the United States Supreme Court

James Madison introduced a set of amendments to the United States Constitution. Ten of these were added in December 1791.

Two Party System FederalistsDemocratic-Republicans Supported Hamilton’s ideas of a strong central government (Northerners) tME Supported Jefferson’s vision of a strong state government (Southerners)

Alien and Sedition Acts Alien Acts: American citizenship raised from 5 to 14 years and President could deport any alien considered undesirable Sedition Acts: If anyone hindered the government would be fined and jailed

The Jeffersonian Era The election of 1800 was against Thomas Jefferson and John Adams Democratic Republicans (‘Republicans’) supported Jefferson while the Federalists supported Adams They both had an intense race, but Jefferson won

What did Jefferson Believe? Thomas Jefferson believed that the People should control the government while the government should cut its power down

Marbury v. Madison On page 118, summarize the following in your notebook: ORIGINS OF THE CASE LEGAL REASONING WHY IT MATTERED HISTORICAL IMPACT Take 10 Minutes to do this

Judicial Review Why would this be an important landmark case for the young United States?

Louisiana Purchase

Louisiana Purchase(1803) After the French and Indian War, Spain handed this territory over to France After France decided not to colonize that area, they sold it to the USA for 15 Million Dollars(very cheap)

War of 1812 Britain and France were at war Britain would seize American sailors and force them to serve in their Navy America became upset and declared war The British attacked DC but General Andrew Jackson held them off

Results Federalist Party died out American Industries began to develop Showed USA was truly independent

Monroe Doctrine After War of 1812, James Monroe elected President; John Quincy Adams was Secretary of state(believed in Nationalism) Warned European nations to stay out of affairs in the Americas and vice-versa

The Age of Jackson

Early Industry The Industrial Revolution gradually reached the USA The North began specializing in machinery in which farming and manufacturing each grew The South remained Agricultural

Cotton Gin This invention by Eli Whitney made producing cotton easier Slave population grew to 1.5 million in the South The North was SLOWLY reducing their numbers

The American System House Speaker Henry Clay created 3 major points about creating Economic Independence: 1. Protective Tariff 2. Rechartering the national bank 3. Sponsor transportation systems

Missouri Compromise In 1818, settlers of Missouri requested to be in the Union There were arguments on whether or not it should be a FREE state or SLAVE state To even out the north/south, Maine was added to Union and FREE and Missouri added as SLAVE All states south of was slave state and all states north were free states

What tensions would this cause?!

Indian Removal Act Government would negotiate treaties to force Native Americans to move west Supreme Court ruled that Georgia could not force them to move or invade them Jackson refused this order and had them moved anyway

Trail of Tears Forced march of the Cherokees to Indian Territory (800 Miles on foot) Also removed: Seminoles, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Shawnee, Seneca, Ottawa, and others NOW ADD MOVEMENT TO YOUR MAP (pg. 125)