Anu Baum Central Criminal Police Bratislava March Data Collection on Traffincking in Human Beings Estonia

Penal Code  Changes in the Penal Code were done in April 2012, until that, Estonia did not have human trafficking in the Penal Code as a separate crime  Human trafficking was classified as different crimes e.g. mediating prostitution, forcing a minor to prostitution, producing child pornography, enslaving etc  That regulation was not sufficient, especially in cases of work slavery and smuggling; it was also difficult to protect victims of human trafficking in accordance to EU requirements in criminal investigations 2

Penal Code since :  § 133. Trafficking in human beings  § Support to human trafficking  § Pimping  § Aiding prostitution  § 134. Abduction  § 175. Human trafficking in order to take advantage of minors 3

Gathering data and international cooperation  Firstly it should be emphasized, that compared to the situation 10 years ago, there has been a decrease in prostitution and pimping Estonian women to other countries;  Main target countries are Finland, the UK, Germany, the USA, Denmark and Spain.  A new trend could be the increased pressure on out state border – i.e. attempts to cross the border of Estonia and Russia (Estonia and Russia do not have a border agreement). 4

More specifically  The victim turns to the police themselves  By third parties – mostly NGOs or Social Insurance Board  Cooperation with law enforcement agencies of other countries  Cooperation with managers of portals  Web monitoring  Information gathered by police  Cooperation with Border Guard and the population near the borders 5

Be territorially categorized:  Tallinn, the capital – where the population is and about 8 million tourists visit every year  Borderlands of Estonia-Russia, mostly in the south, where the border is only on the land  Tallinn – Helsinki line. 6

Future  We do not currently have a set order on how and who has to forward the information - By the end of 2013, the rules of the process information and data exchange should be set – especially the exchange between the Social Insurance Board and Police.  Accept and adjust internal laws with the European Parliament and Council directive 2011/36/EU. 7

 Questions? 8