Development of Western Philosophy of Education Modern Western Philosophy Of Education copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Educational progressivism is the belief that education must be based on the principle that humans are social animals who learn best in real-life activities with other people. Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Learning is rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the world. It is active, not passive Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education The learner is a problem solver and thinker who makes meaning through his or her individual experience in the physical and cultural context. Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Effective teachers provide experiences so that students can learn by doing. Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Curriculum content is derived from student interests and questions. Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Focuses on the nature of human existence. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education It promotes the view that the human being is born without a purpose. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Existentialist consider reality as subjective & is defined by the individual. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education An individual is solely responsible to himself, and is free thus free to determine goals & make decisions without referring to any outside authority. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education The school cannot impose the goals of education on the students. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education As each person is responsible for his own education, the existentialist curriculum does not have specific fixed subjects. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education However, subjects that are emotional, aesthetic & philosopher are appropriate such as literature, drama, film making & art are important which portray human conditions & choice-making conditions. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education The curriculum also stresses on self-expressive activities, experimentation and methods & media that illustrate emotions, feelings & insights. Modern western philosophy of education Existentialism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Social reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better society and worldwide democracy. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Theodore Brameld (1904-1987) was the founder of social reconstructionism, in reaction against the realities of World War II. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education He recognized the potential for either human annihilation through technology and human cruelty or the capacity to create a beneficent society using technology and human compassion Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Social reconstructionists, believe that systems must be changed to overcome oppression and improve human conditions. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Paulo Freire (1921-1997) was a Brazilian whose experiences living in poverty led him to champion education and literacy as the vehicle for social change. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education In his view, humans must learn to resist oppression and not become its victims, nor oppress others. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education To do so requires dialog and critical consciousness, the development of awareness to overcome domination and oppression. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Freire saw teaching and learning as a process of inquiry in which the child must invent and reinvent the world. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education For social reconstructionists and critical theorists, curriculum focuses on student experience and taking social action on real problems, such as violence, hunger, international terrorism, inflation, and inequality. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Strategies for dealing with controversial issues (particularly in social studies and literature), inquiry, dialogue, and multiple perspectives are the focus. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Modern western philosophy of education Community-based learning and bringing the world into the classroom are also strategies. Modern western philosophy of education Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013 Self-assessment Which educational philosophy is most compatible with your beliefs? Why? copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013

Applying Educational Philosophies Philosophy (Proponents/ dates) Aim of Education Key Points Teaching Strategies Teacher Role Existentialism Progressivism Reconstructionism copyright@h2o2t/modern-edu.philo/2013