Who vs. Whom Who – Nominative/Subjective Whom - Objective

2 types of usage As part of a question: Who are you? To whom did you give the book? As part of a subordinate clause: He is the one who did it. The man whom we saw committed the crime.

Part of a question ----To who/whom were the findings given? Rewrite as a statement: The findings were given to ______ Figure out whether it is used as a subject, object, a predicate pronoun, or the object of a preposition ____ is object of preposition “to,” so it is objective - WHOM Back to original form: To WHOM were the findings given?

Part of a subordinate clause Uses of subordinate clauses for NOUNS: Subject Direct Object Indirect Object Predicate Nominative Object of a Preposition Pronouns (WHO and WHOM) can be used in the same way

Part of a subordinate clause ---- Eileen Collins is an astronaut who/whom I admire Identify the subordinate clause: Eileen Collins is an astronaut _____ I admire Determine how the pronoun is used – subject or object? ___ I admire – I admire who/whom? This is used as the object– WHOM Back to original sentence: Eileen Collins is an astronaut WHOM I admire.

Trick!!! You can take out who/whom and put in another pronoun to check your work! Writer Vince Rause, who/whom is afraid of roller coasters, decided to ride them and write about his experiences. Find subordinate clause – who/whom is afraid of roller coasters Plug in other pronoun – HE is afraid of roller coasters “He” is nominative, so I use the nominative form “WHO” WHO is afraid of roller coasters

Examples Who is the leader? (subject) To whom do I send the application? (obj of prep) Whom do you see? (dir obj) Reuse told (whoever, whomever) would listen that he had shunned roller coasters since he was nine years old. The writer undertook the challenge for his baby daughter, (who, whom), he fears, will someday want to ride roller coasters with her father. (Who, Whom) would have thought that Rause would discover that he actually enjoys riding roller coasters?