PURPOSE: identify and control hazards protect the health and safety of workers. The scope and complexity of such a system can vary significantly from one worksite to another, depending on the type of workplace and the nature of the work performed. But the end result should always be the same -- there should be: fewer incidents of injury, illness, or death to workers higher staff morale with less absenteeism and less staff turnover improved productivity and quality of product less damage to equipment, tools, or facilities, and reduced loss of materials HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (HSMS)

HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (HSMS) ELEMENTS Management Commitment or Policy Employer/Management’s written statement saying that everything possible will be done to protect workers’ health & safety Hazard Identification & Assessment Checking all equipment, tools, work areas & work processes to identify things or situations that could cause an injury or other loss Hazard Controls Use of engineering, administrative & basic/point-of-contact controls to prevent or minimize risk of injuries & other types of loss Ongoing Inspections Regular checking of a workplace to ensure that appropriate controls are in place to prevent injury, damage, or loss Qualifications Assessment & Training Ensuring that each worker is properly trained to perform assigned tasks & use equipment, tools, & materials correctly & safely. Emergency Response Planning A plan that all workers understand & know what to do when an emergency occurs. This plan should be regularly reviewed, practiced, & updated as needed. Incident Reporting & Investigation Reporting any kind of injury, loss or near miss to a supervisor starts the process of investigating what happened, why it happened, and how to prevent a similar incident from occurring in the future.

HOW WOULD YOU FEEL WORKING IN A PLACE THAT YOU DIDN’T FEEL SAFE? WOULD YOU FEEL COMFORTABLE WORKING IN A PLACE WHERE AN ACCIDENT COULD HAPPEN AT ANY MOMENT? WOULD YOU WANT TO WORK WITH SOMEONE WHO IS RECKLESS & IRRESPONSIBLE & COULD CAUSE AN ACCIDENT THAT MIGHT HURT YOU? Staff morale (attitudes) is affected if workers don’t feel “SAFE” on their job! e.g. 1. prison guards in Alberta went on strike because they did not feel “safe” guarding prisoners (Occupational Health & Safety concerns) 2. Ft McMurray employee quits because he didn’t feel company had enough safety practices in place 3. Would you want to work beside someone who is hungover? High? Wouldn’t it be like getting into a car being driven by someone who is impaired?

HEALTH & SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Are now seen as INVESTMENT Because they help reduce costs & increase productivity & profits

CONTROLS to Manage RISKS ENGINEERING Controls that change working conditions/design of work site Examples: Improve ventilation (more air flow) to remove bad air. Set up signs and/or barriers to keep workers from going into harmful areas. Adjust work areas to fit workers. increase safety ADMINISTRATIVE Controls that direct the tasks of workers (to reduce worker’s contact with hazards), but do not remove a hazard Examples: Training workers to work safely. Training workers to properly use equipment, tools and materials. BASIC POINT OF CONTACT (Personal Protective Equip’t = PPE) Controls that reduce a hazard by providing workers with personal protective equip’t (PPE) Re

3 Levels of Responsibilities EMPLOYER Establish, maintain & review HSMS Train Supervisors SUPERVISOR Train New Workers Maintain OH&S Inspections/Investigations WORKER Learn & Follow OH&S

5 Categories of HAZARDS (ANYTHING THAT CAN CAUSE AN INJURY OR ILLNESS) PHYSICALCHEMICALBIOLOGICALERGONOMICPSYCHOLOGICAL

PHYSICAL HAZARDS EXAMPLES NOISY EQUIPMENTVIBRATING EQUIPMENT BEING CAUGHT IN EQUIP’T, MACHINERYBEING RUN OVER, CRUSHED, PINNED USING THE SAME TOOL IN THE SAME POSITION ALL DAY LONG WORKING IN EXTREME COLD OR HOT CONDITIONS FRAYED ELECTRICAL CORDSOVERHEAD POWER LINES ITEMS LYING ON THE FLOORWORKING FROM HEIGHTS FALLING OBJECTSRADIATION PRESSURE (e.g. working with power tools, as a diver, mountain climber) MECHANICAL/ELECTRICAL/GRAVITATION

CHEMICAL HAZARDS EXAMPLES STRONG CLEANING PRODUCTS OIL-BASED PAINT WORKING IN AREA WITH LOTS OF DUST EXPOSURE TO ASBESTOS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (MSDS info should be available)

BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS EXAMPLES INSECT STINGS SOME PLANTS, FUNGI OR MOLD (E.G. POISON IVY) WET OR DAMP MATERIALS THAT COULD GROW FUNGI OR MOLD (E.G. GREENHOUSES, GRANARIES) CONTACT WITH OTHER PEOPLE OR THINGS CARRYING VIRUSES OR BACTERIA

ERGONOMIC HAZARDS EXAMPLES INAPPROPRIATE JOB & WORKSTATION DESIGN IMPROPERLY ADJUSTED WORK BENCHES, DESKS, KEYBOARD POOR LIGHTING HARVESTING CROPS BY HAND REPETITIVE STRAIN INJURIES or RSIs (e.g. operating machinery for long periods of time - e.g. combines, tractors, jackhammers) Ergonomics is the study of the fit between people & their jobs! Main goal of ergonomics is to improve: The well being of workers The activity of workers Reduce risk of injury Poor Ergonomics can lead to: Aches in same area of body during or after each work day. Stress headaches. Backache or pain from lifting.

PSYCHOLOGICAL (Mental Health & Psychosocial) HAZARDS EXAMPLES WORKPLACE-INDUCED & OTHER STRESSORS (e.g. deadlines/sales targets)) CHALLENGING PERSONAL/INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS (e.g. moving, divorce, death, poor health) DISCRIMINATION & HARASSMENT (e.g. gender, race, language) EXCESSIVE WORK HOURS AND/OR SHIFT WORK