Acid and Base Reactions Shireen Rudina. ingegneria biologica Equipe de dibattito.

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Presentation transcript:

Acid and Base Reactions Shireen Rudina

ingegneria biologica Equipe de dibattito

Arrhenius Theory In water, acids dissociate to form H+ and bases dissociate to form OH- HCl + H 2 O  H 3 O + + Cl -

Concept Q: Which of these options are only acids? 1. HCl, NH 3, HI 2. H 2 CO 3, NaOH, HBr 3. H 2 CO 3, NH 4 +, HCl 4. HI, KOH, HBr

Arrhenius Strong/Weak Acids Strong acid – Dissociates completely Weak acids- everything else CH 3 COOH (aceto) NH 4 + HCl HNO 3 H 2 SO 4 HBr HI HClO 4

Arrhenius Strong/Weak Bases Strong bases: LiOH NaOH KOH RbOH CsOH Ba(OH) 2 Ca(OH) 2 Sr(OH) 2 Weak bases: everything else

In teams: Calculate the pH of a 0.05 M HBr solution 1.Is HBr a strong acid? How much does it dissociate? 2.What is [H+]?

In teams: A M solution of uric acid (HC 5 H 3 N 4 O 3 ) has a pH of Calculate the K a of uric acid. 1.What is the equation for K a ? 2.What variables do we have?

sDo sDo mp0 mp neutral.html 183neutral.html

In teams: You have an unknown acid. When you put 1 M in water, you see a pH that corresponds to a specific dissociation percentage. Find the Ka for the acid that dissociates: – Team 1: 1% – Team 2: 2% – Team 3: 0.1% What acid do you have?

Arrhenius Acid/Base Reaction Acid + Base = Salt + Water HBr + NaOH  NaBr + H 2 O Neutralization

Phenolphthalein: Purple if pH > 7 Colorless if pH<7 A Neutralization Experiment CO 2 + H 2 O --> H 2 CO 3 Ca(OH) 2 + H 2 CO 3 --> CaCO HOH

What is the result of a neutralization reaction: NaOH + H 2 CO 3 ? 1.NaH 2 + H 2 O 2.NaH 2 + H 2 O + CO 3 3.NaHCO 3 + H 2 O 4.NaCO 3 + H 2 O

Bronsted-Lowry Acid/Base Reaction Conjugate acids and bases