THE REVOLUTION
BY 1775 MANY COLONISTS WERE SO ANGRY WITH BRITAIN THAT THEY WERE CALLING FOR WAR. OTHERS DID NOT WANT TO FIGHT WITH BRITAIN. THEY REMAINED LOYAL TO THE KING.
DIFFERENCES 1/3 OF THE COLONISTS WANTED TO FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE. THEY WERE CALLED PATRIOTS OR WHIGS.
NO WAR! 1/3 OF THE COLONISTS DID NOT WANT INDEPENDENCE. THEY WANTED TO STAY WITH BRITAIN. THEY WERE CALLED LOYALISTS OR TORIES.
LEAVE ME ALONE! 1/3 OF THE COLONISTS DID NOT REALLY CARE ONE WAY OR THE OTHER. THEY JUST WANTED TO STAY OUT OF TROUBLE. THEY WERE NEUTRALS.
Who was better? Britain had: more money/ trained army/ stable government Loyalists/ Hessians and A NAVY But… They were 3,000 miles from home/ poor officers/traditional style of fighting
patriots Weaknesses: no money/ a brand new government/ no supplies/ fewer people/ little experience strengths: home turf advantage/ good shots/ good officers/ and a moral cause
What was the army called? The Continental Army The state militias would also fight.
Who would lead? Someone from the South… Someone with experience… Well respected… Didn’t need the money… GEORGE WASHINGTON OF VIRGINIA---EXPERIENCE IN THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR
Washington Did he win every battle? No! He spent a good bit of the time in retreat… he did whatever he had to do to keep his army together…and to keep from being captured!
FIRST SKIRMISH LEXINGTON AND CONCORD SECOND BATTLE- BUNKER HILL AMERICANS RAN OUT OF _______
FIRST SKIRMISH LEXINGTON AND CONCORD SECOND BATTLE- BUNKER HILL AMERICANS RAN OUT OF AMMUNITION
BRITISH LOSSES- 1,150 AMERICAN LOSSES-450 WHO WON?
UPS AND DOWNS WASHINGTON AND HIS ARMY CONTINUED TO WIN A FEW BATTLES AND LOSE EVEN MORE… BUT THEY DID NOT GIVE UP
Battle of Trenton Washington’s brilliant move! December Christmas night Re-crossed the Delaware Surprised the Hessians- captures 1,000 Week later- same thing- Princeton
HESSIANS SURRENDER
LOWEST POINT ONE OF THE LOWEST POINTS OF THE WAR FOR THE PATRIOTS WAS THE WINTER AT VALLEY FORGE. COLD/ HUNGER/ DISEASE THOUSANDS DIED THE ONE THING THAT KEPT THEM GOING WAS…
BARON VON STEUBEN A GERMAN SOLDIER WHO VOLUNTEERED TO HELP TRAIN THE SOLDIERS OF THE CONTINENTAL ARMY. IN THE SPRING, THE ARMY WAS MORE CONFIDENT AND BETTER ABLE TO FIGHT!
VALLEY FORGE-1777 / 1778
BARON FRIEDRICH WLIHELM VON STEUBEN
TURNING POINT TURNING POINT OF WAR… AMERICAN VICTORY… IN NEW YORK… SARATOGA
General “Gentleman Johnny” Burgoyne was forced to surrender to American forces. IT WAS A MAJOR VICTORY… and the turning point of the war!!
GENTLEMAN JOHNNY
WHY THE TURNING POINT? BECAUSE THE FRENCH DECIDE THAT AMERICA HAS A CHANCE… AND THEY AGREE TO HELP US!
WHO WENT TO FRANCE? BENJAMIN FRANKLIN HE NEGOTIATED AN ALLIANCE WITH THE FRENCH…THEY WOULD SEND TROOPS, GIVE US MONEY, AND SEND THEIR NAVY!
FRANCE PROVIDED GUNS MONEY EQUIPMENT ½ OF THE REGULAR ARMED FORCES NAVAL STRENGTH
Who was? A young French aristocrat who came to America to help… Fought beside Washington… Lent his own money… Has a lot of stuff named after him… MARQUIS de LAFAYETTE
LAFAYETTE
Where was the final battle? YORKTOWN, VIRGINIA WASHINGTON AND FRENCH GENERAL ROCHAMBEAU CORNERED BRITISH GENERAL LORD CORNWALLIS ON THE PENINSULA.
YORKTOWN BEFORE THE BATTLE
LORD CORNWALLIS GENERAL ROCHAMBEAU ADMIRAL DE GRASSE
GEORGE WASHINGTON
What was the key? FRENCH SHIPS SAILED UP THE CHESAPEAKE BAY AND BLOCKED CORNWALLIS FROM RETREATING OR RECEIVING HELP.
YEAH!!! AMERICA WON! THE BRITISH GAVE US ALL THE TERRITORY OVER TO THE MISSISSIPPI…EXCEPT FLORIDA
TREATY OF PARIS-1783
BENEDICT ARNOLD tried to give the plans To West Point to British.
BETSY ROSS
Molly Pitcher- Mary Hays McCauley