Maddison Black Animal Management Practices

References Williams, Jane. The Complete Textbook of Animal Health and Welfare. Edinburgh: Saunders/Elsevier, Print. Acker, Duane. Animal Science and Industry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Print. Mellor, David J., Emily Patterson-Kane, and Kevin J. Stafford. The Sciences of Animal Welfare. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, Print. ensionhist ns/lesson_1_Section_2.htm _horses

Content Ear Tag Identification Injections Oral Deworming Hoof Trimming

Ear Tagging Ear tagging is a common and simple way of IDENTIFYING animals. Ear tags make keeping records an easier task. Most tags are put in with a set of taggers however, there are some tags that can be put in by hand. When putting in the tag make sure that it clips so it will not fall out.

Injections Before giving any injection always consult your local VETERNARIAN. Always use clean supplies & wash your hands before and after giving an injection. There are TWO types of injections we use: -Subcutaneous (Hypodermic) Injection. The drug is injected by syringe and needle into the tissues just beneath the skin. -Intramuscular Injection. The drug is injected into a muscle. The needle is inserted at a 90 degree angle to the skin, through the skin and subcutaneous tissue into the underlying muscle.

Subcutaneous InjectionIntramuscular Injection

Subcutaneous Injections Generally, you can choose the subcutaneous (SQ) route when given a choice of either the intramuscular (IM) or SQ on the product label. Give SQ injections HALF way up the neck in front of the shoulder, or over the ribs well of the body. For swine, it won't be possible to make a "tent", so slide behind the shoulder. Use a 0.5 to 1 inch long needle. To give SQ injections for cattle, lift a fold of skin to make a skin "tent". Insert the needle through one side of the tent at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees relative to the surface the needle under the skin at an angle of about 30 degrees from parallel to the skin SURFACE and inject.

Intramuscular Injections Choose muscle tissue of lesser value to consumers for IM injections. In cattle, for example, IM injections where possible, are often given in the neck area instead of the hip. Draw air into the syringe and inject the same volume of air into the bottle as the volume you plan to take out of the bottle to equalize the pressure. Failure to do so will make it difficult to WITHDRAW the contents of the bottle. After filling the syringe with the product to be injected, point the syringe upwards and tap the barrel with your finger to make AIR BUBBLES move upwards into the syringe tip. Slowly and carefully push the plunger to eject the air bubbles from the syringe before injecting the product. Give IM injections deep into a muscle. Use a needle long enough to penetrate skin, subcutaneous tissue and fat to reach the muscle. The needle should enter the skin perpendicular to the skin surface.

Oral Deworming Deworming was once such a complicated process that most took livestock to be dewormed at the veterinarians office by stomach tube. The process of oral deworming is much less complicated: -Rinse out the animals mouth with several 2-ounce syringes of water, directing a stream of water between teeth and cheeks. This loosens grain or hay to which dewormer could stick and prompts the horse to spit it out. -Insert the end of the tube alongside your thumb so the paste or gel will be placed on the animals tongue at the back of its mouth. Gently squirt the dewormer onto the tongue. Next, raise the animals head and/or massage its throat latch to encourage swallowing.

Hoof Trimming Cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs are cloven-footed animals, meaning that the hoof consists of two digits, instead of one solid entity like that of a horse The heel of the hoof grows much slower than the rest. This is why cutting at an angle is necessary. Be sure to CLEAN the hooves before and after trimming.

Overview Questions 1. What is the difference between SQ and IM injections? 2. Why should you rinse out an animals mouth before using an oral dewormer? 3. What does cloven-footed mean?