Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 8: The Civil War, A Nation in Conflict Study Presentation

Section 1: The Road to War What words do I need to know? –conscription –blockade –blockade runner –King Cotton Diplomacy –Strategy

The Road to War Union - President Confederacy –President

The War Begins Fort Sumter (Georgia’s Fort _________________ had already been taken) Date: Union Leader: Confederate Leader: Outcome:

Assembling Armies First: Second: Third: Opposition:

Resources, North and South North –

Resources, North and South South – South -

Wartime Strategies Union blockade “Anaconda Plan”:Anaconda Plan

Wartime Strategies Capturing Richmond The Union Navy included many ironclads (armored ships) - ironclads

Late War Strategy Destroy Confederate armies on the battlefield Lay waste to the Southern land, so that civilians would call for an end to the warLay waste “March to the Sea” -

Southern Strategies Wear down the Union armies, which would hasten the northerners’ desire to end the war swift raiders – Blockade runners -

Southern Strategies King Cotton Diplomacy -

Freeing the Slaves Emancipation Proclamation Issued by: Abraham Lincoln Document stated – Deadline was January 1, 1863 Outcome: Section 2: The War on the Battlefield

The Fall of Fort Pulaski First battle, April 10, 1862, was at all-brick Fort Pulaski, near Tybee Island Fort Pulaski Union Leader: Confederate Leader: Description:

The Battle of Chickamauga September 1863 Seven miles south of Chattanooga, Tennessee – a major railroad centerChattanooga Union Leader: Confederate Leader: Description:

The Battle of Chickamauga Union reinforcements – Leader: Confederate Leader: Description: Result:

The Atlanta Campaign Late Spring/Early Summer 1864: Sherman’s Union Army fought series of battles against ______________________’s Confederate Army Confederates continued to retreat further southward into Georgia June 1864: Sherman attacked Johnston at Kennesaw Mountain; Sherman lost but continued toward Atlanta Kennesaw Mountain July 1864: ______________________ replaced Johnston, battled Sherman, then concentrated defenses in Atlanta

The Battle of Atlanta Sherman surrounded the city and laid siege Hood wanted to lure Sherman into the city to fight, but that didn’t work Fighting continued during July and August 1864Fighting Hood and Atlanta’s citizens finally vacate the city on September 1 Sherman burns the city of ______________in mid-November then begins his march toward Savannah and the sea

The March to the Sea __________________ Union army destroys everything in its path, 300 miles from Atlanta to Savannah A sixty mile-wide area is burned, destroyed, and ruined during a two-month period Captured, but did not burn, Savannah in December 1864 because -Savannah

The Civil War Ends General _________________ Army of Virginia cannot defeat Union General ____________________ at Petersburg; he surrenders his army at _______________________ on April 9, 1865 Confederate President ______________flees and is eventually captured in Irwinville, GeorgiaIrwinville

Civil War Prisons Both North and South had prisons for captured soldiers; thousands of men on both sides died in these prisons Andersonville Prison, in southwest Georgia, conditions:Andersonville Prison ______________________, Andersonville Prison commander, was later hanged for “excessive cruelty” Andersonville is now home to the National Prisoner of War Museum

The Civil War Soldier

Black Soldiers

Latino Service

Women in the Civil War

Women of Note __________________ of Savannah helped administer a division in a major Richmond hospital __________________________ ran a Southern military hospital __________________, a Union nurse supervisor, later founded the American Red Cross ______________________ of South Carolina left a prized written record of the wartime life

Children During the War