Contalbrigo Marco INFN Ferrara ECT* Workshop - Lattice QCD and Hadron Physics 15 th January 2014, Trento

2 Contalbrigo M. Longitudinal momentum k + =xP + Transverse plane kTkT bTbT Transverse momentum Transverse position l l Photon Virtuality Q 2 d2kTd2kT d2bTd2bT d2kTd2kT d2bTd2bT Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

TMDs: d2kTd2kT  =0,t=0 d2kTd2kT Exclusive Measurements 1+2D spatial distribution Semi-inclusive measurements 3D momentum distribution (FT) GPDs: 3 Contalbrigo M. PDFs “Mother” Wigner distributions d2bTd2bT Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

d2kTd2kT  =0,t=0 d2kTd2kT (FT) p T < 2 GeV/c √s = 20 GeV xFxF ANAN May solve proton spin puzzle May explain SSA & Lam-Tung 4 Contalbrigo M. PDFs “Mother” Wigner distributions d2bTd2bT TMDs: Exclusive Measurements 1+2D spatial distribution Semi-inclusive measurements 3D momentum distribution GPDs: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

5 Contalbrigo M. EIC Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

Limit defined by luminosity Different Q 2 for same x range EIC Valence Complementary experiments Sea 6 Contalbrigo M. 12 Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

CHL-2 Upgrade magnets and power supplies Enhance equipment in existing halls add Hall D (and beam line) 8 Contalbrigo M. Beam Energy 12 GeV Beam current 90  A Beam polarization 85 % Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* First beam expected in Hall-A in spring 2014

9 Contalbrigo M. Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) unpolarized SIDIS, hadron ID Hall-C Spectrometer pair, polarized 3 He target up to to cm -2 s -1, hadron ID Hall-A Hall-B CLAS12 HD-ice (H,D) polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, “complete” acceptance, hadron ID SOLID 3 He, NH 3 polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, large acceptance, pion ID Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

10 Contalbrigo M. Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) unpolarized SIDIS, hadron ID Hall-C Spectrometer pair, polarized 3 He target up to to cm -2 s -1, hadron ID Hall-A Hall-B CLAS12 HD-ice (H,D) polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, “complete” acceptance, hadron ID SOLID 3 He, NH 3 polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, large acceptance, pion ID Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* SIDIS cross-section factorization tests

11 Contalbrigo M. Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) unpolarized SIDIS, hadron ID Hall-C Spectrometer pair, polarized 3 He target up to to cm -2 s -1, hadron ID Hall-A Hall-B CLAS12 HD-ice (H,D) polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, “complete” acceptance, hadron ID SOLID 3 He, NH 3 polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, large acceptance, pion ID Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* SIDIS cross-section factorization tests Luminosity frontier World leading 3 He target

12 Contalbrigo M. Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) unpolarized SIDIS, hadron ID Hall-C Spectrometer pair, polarized 3 He target up to to cm -2 s -1, hadron ID Hall-A Hall-B CLAS12 HD-ice (H,D) polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, “complete” acceptance, hadron ID SOLID 3 He, NH 3 polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, large acceptance, pion ID Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* SIDIS cross-section factorization tests Luminosity frontier World leading 3 He target TMDs and GPDs comprehensive study, with special care on applicability

13 Contalbrigo M. Super High Momentum Spectrometer (SHMS) unpolarized SIDIS, hadron ID Hall-C Spectrometer pair, polarized 3 He target up to to cm -2 s -1, hadron ID Hall-A Hall-B CLAS12 HD-ice (H,D) polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, “complete” acceptance, hadron ID SOLID 3 He, NH 3 polarized targets up to cm -2 s -1, large acceptance, pion ID Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* SIDIS cross-section factorization tests Luminosity frontier World leading 3 He target TMDs and GPDs comprehensive study, with special care on applicability Ultimate statistical precision in the valence region

15 Contalbrigo M. SIDIS cross section (transversely pol. target): Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

16 Contalbrigo M. DFDF FF SIDIS cross section (transversely pol. target): Involved phenomenology due to the convolution over transverse momentum TMD factorization for P T <<Q Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

N/q ULT U L T quark polarisatio n nucleon polarisation Interference between wave functions with different angular momenta: contains information about parton orbital angular motion and spin-orbit effects Testing QCD at the amplitude level Off-diagonal elements: Sivers Survives transverse momentum integration (missing leading-twist collinear piece) Differs from helicity due to relativistic effects and no mix with gluons in the spin-1/2 nucleon Transversity: Worm-gear 17 Contalbrigo M. Transversity Boer-Mulders Worm-gear Pretzelosity Number Density Helicity Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

N/q ULT U L T quark polarisatio n nucleon polarisation Interference between wave functions with different angular momenta: contains information about parton orbital angular motion and spin-orbit effects Testing QCD at the amplitude level Off-diagonal elements: Sivers Survives transverse momentum integration (missing leading-twist collinear piece) Differs from helicity due to relativistic effects and no mix with gluons in the spin-1/2 nucleon Transversity: Worm-gear 18 Contalbrigo M. Transversity N/q ULT U L T quark polarisatio n nucleon polarisation Unpolarized Collins Boer-Mulders Worm-gear Pretzelosity Number Density Helicity Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* DFDF FF

N/q ULT U L T nucleon polarisation Number Sivers Density Worm-gear Transversity Pretzelosity Helicity Boer-Mulders

20 Contalbrigo M. ATLAS: arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

21 Contalbrigo M. SIDIS extraction: ATLAS: arXiv: [Jackson, DIS 2013] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* [Makke, DIS 2013]

22 Contalbrigo M. SIDIS extraction: E Hall-B [Jackson, DIS 2013] x Liu++ [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

Disentanglement of z and : access to the transverse intrinsic quark k T and fragmentation p T, i.e. from gaussian anstaz: 23 Contalbrigo M. T PhPh T PhPh 2 T PhPh HERMES [arXiv: ] COMPASS [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

24 Contalbrigo M. T PhPh T PhPh 2 Hall-C [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Matevosyan++ [arXiv: ] Schweitzer++ [arXiv: ] Disentanglement of z and : access to the transverse intrinsic quark k T and fragmentation p T, i.e. from gaussian anstaz:

N/q ULT U L T nucleon polarisation Number Sivers Boer-Mulders Density Worm-gear Transversity Pretzelosity Helicity

26 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

27 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* CLAS [arXiv: ]

DSSV [arXiv: ] 28 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

DSSV++ [arXiv: ] 29 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

DSSV++ [arXiv: ] 30 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

DSSV++ [arXiv: ] 31 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* SIDIS DATA 1 st moment constrained by 3F-D NNPDF [arXiv: ]

32 Contalbrigo M. E Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

33 Contalbrigo M. HERMES: arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* With connected diagrams

34 Contalbrigo M. With (dis)connected diagrams Bali ++,: arXiv: HERMES: arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Liu ++, arXiv:  s (DI) = -0.12(1) L q mainly from sea and up to 50 % of the proton spin

N/q ULT U L T nucleon polarisation Number Helicity Sivers Boer-Mulders Density Worm-gear Transversity Pretzelosity Chirally-odd First evidence: 2005

HERMES [hep-ex/ ] 36 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Hall A [arXiv: ] Neutron Proton FIRST SIGNALS

HERMES [hep-ex/ ] 37 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Hall A [arXiv: ] BABAR [hep-ex/ ] Neutron Proton BELLE [hep-ex/ ] FIRST SIGNALS

1 st extraction of Transversity! 38 Contalbrigo M. xh 1 (x) d u Existing data limited to x < 0.3 FF evol.. from high energy colliders Anselmino++ [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

1 st extraction of Transversity! 39 Contalbrigo M. Collinear extraction ! xh 1 (x) d u Existing data limited to x < 0.3 FF evol.. from high energy colliders x x Anselmino++ [arXiv: ] Bacchetta++ [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

40 Contalbrigo M. Large x important to constrain the tensor charge E Hall-B Di-hadron channel for h 1 Test of TMDs extraction Proton C Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

41 Contalbrigo M. xh 1 (x) d u helicity Distributions: [arXiv: ] [arXiv: ] Charges:  u =  d = [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Single hadron Lattice (typical) Di-hadron

Looking for a practical way how to calculate light-cone distributions: PDFs, TMDs, GPDs, HTs, LCWFs, LCDAs, etc… Ji X. [arXiv: ] 42 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

N/q ULT U L T nucleon polarisation Number Helicity Sivers Boer-Mulders Density Worm-gear Transversity Pretzelosity Naïve-T-odd Non-trivial gauge link Process dependence Naïve-T-odd Non-trivial gauge link Process dependence

45 Contalbrigo M. HERMES [arXiv: ] COMPASS [arXiv: ] Clear not-zero signals Hall A [arXiv: ] Neutron Proton: hint of TMD evolution ? Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

46 Contalbrigo M. HDice C Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

47 Contalbrigo M. )X 40 days E Hall-A 3 He HDice C Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* K+ amplitudes larger than π+: K+-K+- HERMES [arXiv: ]

48 Contalbrigo M. SOLID (projected) NH 3 & 3 He )X 40 days E Hall-A 3 He HDice E Hall-A E C Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* K+ amplitudes larger than π+: K+-K+- HERMES [arXiv: ]

49 Contalbrigo M. Statistical errors 4D analysis on  + Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

Encompass parton distributions and form factors Longitudinal momentum and transverse spatial position correlated information Access OAM L q = J q -½  via Ji sum rule 51 Contalbrigo M. N/qULT U L T quark polarisation nucleon polarisation Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

e p → e p PRC 68, (2003 ) xFxF 52 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

e p → e p PRC 68, (2003 ) xFxF 53 Contalbrigo M. Diehl et al. arXiv: Bacchetta et al. arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

54 Contalbrigo M. Ratio of recoil polarizations E Hall-C Asymmetry in quasi-elastic scattering E Hall-A E Hall-A Related to GPDs at high |t|  structure of the nucleon at small transverse distances Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

55 Contalbrigo M. Informations on the real and imaginary part of the QCD scattering amplitude Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

56 Contalbrigo M. HERMES [arXiv: ] CLAS [arXiv: ] FIRST SIGNALS Informations on the real and imaginary part of the QCD scattering amplitude Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

57 Contalbrigo M. H, E DVCS asymmetry on a longitudinal neutron (deuteron) to access GPD E HALL-A [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

58 Contalbrigo M. H, E DVCS asymmetry on a longitudinal neutron (deuteron) to access GPD E HALL-A [arXiv: ] Bacchetta++ [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

59 Contalbrigo M. E Hall-A Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

60 Contalbrigo M. 120 days beam time A UL Q2Q2 Q2Q2 x x A LU -t 85 days beam time C Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

61 Contalbrigo M. From t slope of  average impact parameter E Hall-B Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

62 Contalbrigo M. Complete mapping (3D) of the nucleon in the valence region High potential of the complementary programs of 3 experimental halls Start of Accelerator commissioning expected in November and running beam to Hall-A in spring 2014 Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

63 Contalbrigo M. With disconnected diagrams L q mainly from sea and up to 50 % of the proton spin Liu ++, arXiv: Bali ++,: arXiv: Bratt ++, arXiv: HERMES: arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

In our exploration of the QCD micro-world Fundamental: do not neglect spin !! 64 Contalbrigo M. Two questions in Hadronic Physics await explanation since too long p T < 2 GeV/c √s = 20 GeV xFxF ANAN Proton Spin Budget Single Spin Asymmetries ? Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

65 Contalbrigo M. COMPASS combined 2007 – 2010 results HERMES [arXiv: ] [Martin at DIS13] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

66 Contalbrigo M. With disconnected diagrams Bali ++,: arXiv: HERMES: arXiv: Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* Liu ++, arXiv:  s (DI) = -0.12(1) L q mainly from sea and up to 50 % of the proton spin

67 Contalbrigo M. Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*

68 Contalbrigo M. COMPASS [arXiv: ] HERMES [arXiv: ] -- LSS HERMES [hep-ex/ ] Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea, 1 st July 2013, ECT* -- DSSV -- GRSV -- BB

69 Contalbrigo M. HERMES [arXiv: ] Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT* COMPASS [arXiv: ] Hall A [arXiv: ] Neutron Proton: consistent signals despite the different Q2 Weak TMD evolution ?

70 Contalbrigo M. A. Airapetian et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 (2005) Non-zero transversity !! Non-zero Collins function !! SIDIS: ep e’hX Non-zero Sivers function !! 2005: First evidence from HERMES measuring SIDIS on proton Flavor Structure of the Nucleon Sea, 1 st July 2013, ECT*

Encompass parton distributions and form factors Longitudinal momentum and transverse spatial position correlated information Access OAM L q = J q -½  via Ji sum rule 71 Contalbrigo M. N/qULT U L T quark polarisation nucleon polarisation Lattice and Hadrons, 15 th January 2014, ECT*