What Gives Matter a Charge? A particle with a positive charge is called a/an _______________. proton electron neutron.

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Presentation transcript:

What Gives Matter a Charge?

A particle with a positive charge is called a/an _______________. proton electron neutron

A particle with a negative charge is called a/an _______________. proton electron neutron

_________ means to push away. _________ means to pull together. charge attract repel charge attract repel

If an electrically-neutral object GAINS electrons, what charge does it now have? positive negative neutral

If an electrically-neutral object LOSES electrons, what charge does it now have? positive negative neutral

How Charges Interact  Objects with opposite charges (one negative, one positive) will attract each other.  Objects with like charges (both negative or both positive) will repel each other.

Let’s start with some vocab… Electricity- a form of energy resulting from charged particles. Circuit- a closed loop that electrons can flow through

What is the difference between open and closed circuits?

Open circuit: An incomplete path that will not permit an electric current to flow

Closed circuit: A complete path for electric current

Quiz: What type of circuit is shown in each of the following examples? Open circuit Closed circuit

Open circuit Closed circuit

Click on a term to reveal its definition and examples. Conductor Insulator Continue

Insulator: a substance through which electricity can not flow readily Examples… woodplasticrubber sulfur glass

Conductor: a material through which electrons can move easily Examples… brassaluminumcopper graphite water

Which of these items are conductors?

Which of these items are insulators?

How a Circuit works

What’s the Best Pathway for Electrons? VnnpLaKsqGU

There are two main types of circuits: ParallelSeries and

Parallel circuits are circuits with more than one pathway through which electrons can flow. Series circuits are circuits with only one pathway through which electrons can flow.

What type of circuits are shown in the following examples? parallelseries

parallelseries

How energy is supplied to a circuit: Battery: -Has two TERMINALS: -One positively charged & one negatively charged -Separator in the battery that keeps the positive and negative sides from touching, while allowing charged particles to pass through the battery

Electric Potential Energy -This separation of charges causes a build up of potential energy (potential difference). -Electrons flow from an area of high PE to low PE. -Just like gravitational potential energy… -Video: watch?v=Aq31mjWYdJ8 watch?v=Aq31mjWYdJ8

Battery cont -When a circuit is created, electrons flow from the negative end to the positive end -electrons are repulsed by the negative side and attracted to the positive side

What energy conversions take place in an electrical circuit? _______________  _________________  ______________

-A Separator inside a battery causes a separation of charges -This separation of charges causes a build up of potential energy. -Electrons flow from an area of high PE to low PE. -Just like gravitational potential energy… (recall video) Review from yesterday…

Electricity Vocab.

Coulomb: is the unit for charge There are about 6.24x electrons in one coulomb

Potential Difference (voltage) Voltage: amount of potential energy supplied to each coulomb of charge Units- volts (V) Is dependent on the energy source NOT the circuit! After the reading “what is voltage?”

Voltage is like water pressure, a “force” that causes the current to flow

Current The rate (“speed”) at which electrons flow Unit- ampere (A) (aka “amps”) An amp is one coulomb of charge per second

Resistance Opposes the flow of charge Unit- Ohms (  ) Created by resistors

How are resistance and current related? - Lab and worksheet

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