Energy and Electricity Unit I

Do Now: Copy this into your notebooks Energy – The ability to do work and/or transfer heat – There are 7 basic types of energy Chemical Thermal Electrical Electromagnetic Nuclear Mechanical – Potential – Kinetic

Chemical Energy Energy that is available for release from chemical reactions.

Thermal Energy Heat energy All objects give off thermal energy Ice cream melting gains thermal energy

Electrical Energy Moving electrical charges that produce electricity and energy. Energy caused by the movement of electrons

Electromagnetic Energy Light energy Energy that travels in waves

Nuclear Energy Holds protons and neutrons together in an atom’s nucleus

Mechanical Energy Energy associated with the motion of an object. Energy due to a object’s motion (kinetic) or position (potential). – Potential Energy – Energy at rest Not doing work or transferring heat – Kinetic Energy – Energy of motion Energy in use Mechanical energy = PE + KE

Changes in Energy

Do Now: Electrons traveling through a wire produces electricity. What provides the energy for an electric circuit? Draw a simple circuit with a bulb.

Measuring Electricity Battery – provides electrical energy into a circuit Volts – measure of the electrons traveling through a circuit

Conductors What is a conductor? What are good conductors?

Activity: Using different fruits as your battery and different metals as your conductor, determine the best combination to create a fruity battery.

What worked the best? What fruit is best? Why?

Series vs Parallel Circuits Series – Conducted in one large loop Parallel – Connected in branches

Current Flow

Benefits of a Parallel Circuit Current flows through the branches, even if one branch is broken

Current (Amps) in the Circuit Parallel Circuits – divided amps – Which is why to get a true reading on an ammeter, these should be connected in series Series Circuits – equal amps

Volts Volt – measure of transfer of energy by electrons in a circuit Voltmeter – used to measure volts in a circuit – Always placed in parallel to get accurate reading

Switches Switches allow electrons to flow through a circuit creating electricity Two-way switches can be used to create a double circuit – Common in households – Allows a circuit to be turned on in two places – Or allows multiple items in the circuit to be turned on or off

Activity: Work with a partner and design a “circuit maze” You will trade papers and another team must determine the minimum number of switches and which circuits must be turned on to light the bulb All circuits must include: battery (cell), bulb, multiple switches and empty switches

Do Now: Work with a partner to solve a circuit maze from the previous lesson

Where do we get electricity? Power plants Fossil fuels Nuclear plants Solar power Wind power

Good vs Bad Things to consider: – Cost – Environment – Efficiency

Renewable and Non-renewable

Effects of Non-Renewable Acid Rain Greenhouse effect

Activity: Read through the information on the greenhouse effect. Determine the best form of energy production to power homes, businesses, etc.