Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 USAF Role in Space What does the USAF believe with respect to space? –“Space is not a sanctuary anymore.” (Secretary Wynne, Dec 2007) –“Space power operates differently from other forms of military power due to its global perspective, responsiveness, and persistence” (AFDD 2-2) What does the USAF “do” for space? –Presents Space Forces to USSTRATCOM CCDR, and other CCDRs as required –Collaborates on space mission and/or satellite payload operations w/USA & USN –Serves as the Executive Agent for Space –Develops, coordinates, and integrates plans and programs for space systems and the acquisition of DoD space Major Defense Acquisition Programs –Provides systems and forces for 4 space missions: Force Enhancement, Force Application, Space Control, and Space Support MAJCOM: Air Force Space Command: Title 10 R&Rs across 4 mission areas –Consists of Acquisition, Space Operations, and Nuclear Forces personnel USAF is not –The National Reconnaissance Office: designs, builds and operates the nation's reconnaissance satellites –Missile Defense Agency: To develop and field an integrated, layered, ballistic missile defense system to defend the United States, its deployed forces, allies, and friends against all ranges of enemy ballistic missiles in all phases of flight

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Space Missions Space Force Enhancement: Optimize effectiveness of combined/joint force ISR, early warning, satellite communication, PNT, blue force tracking, space environment monitoring, and global weather services Space-Based Infrared System-(High) Defense Support Program MILSATCOM –Defense Satellite Communication System – Phase III –Wideband Global SATCOM –MilStar –Advanced EHF Global Positioning System Defense Meteorological Space System National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Space Force Application: Operations which hold terrestrial- based targets at risk –e.g., ICBM, Ballistic Missile Defense, and Force Projection –3 MM III Missile Wings under the 20 th AF Space Control: Operations which Ensure/Deny freedom of action in space –Space Situational Awareness for all elements of National Security Space Commercial, Consortium, National, Allied, Friendly, NASA, MDA AFSSS, GEODSS, Missile Warning Sensors Publish the Space Catalog(s) –Offensive Counterspace: Negation (D5 ops), Prevention Counter Communications System –Defensive Counterspace: Protection Protect Links and Data, not physical assets Space Support: Operations which enable other space missions –E.g. Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN), Launch Range Operations, Launch operations, etc. Space Missions

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Space Battle Mgmt Assets LEOMEOGEOTimelinessAccuracy Terrestrial RADAR     Terrestrial Optical  Space-based Optical    

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 2 Operational Control Nodes - Schriever AFB - Onizuka AFS Comm Antennas 2 Deployable Systems - TSTR - TVCF 8 Remote Tracking Stations (RTS) locations - Launch Support - TT&C and Mission data Users - 13 SOCs - 5 MCCs 2 Development & Test Facilities - RSC - CERES Shuttle MILSATCOM DSP GPS Launch Facilities -EVCF -COOK AF, NASA, NOAA, NATO, NRO, DoD Comm Antenna Relay Comm Satellites -DSCS III -GE Americom -Intelsat -Spacenet 4 -Orion 1 Camp Parks Comm Annex - Radiometric Testing - On-orbit Calibration T1 Line to OAFS SATOPS CONOPS Commands, telemetry & mission data

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 AFSCN Mission Data Comm HULABOSS PIKE GUAMLION SPACENET 4 GE Americom COOK INTELSAT 707 REEF F/O Submarine Cable SCSIC&W MCII Washington DC SCSI SAFB DSCS III EASTPAC DISA New Boston AS, NH NCS/DISA Wahiawa, HI DISA/NCTS Finegayan DSCS III WESTPAC DISA Camp Roberts, CA DSCS III EASTPAC DISA SUN EAST SAFB F/O Cable GE-2 GE Americom POGO "J-2" GE Americom SAFB SOC SAFB Ft Detrick, MD DSCS Landstuhl, Germany DSCS DSCS III EASTPAC DISA SUN EAST SAFB DISA SUN EAST SAFB DSCS III: IO DSCS III W LANT Commercial DoD Prime Alt Prime Alt

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 AFCYBER What does the USAF believe with respect to cyberspace? –SC: Cyberspace is a domain like land/sea/air/space and must be defended –21st Century airpower is not the sum but the product of air, space, and cyberspace superiority –While still contributing to traditional air and space control missions, can produce its own tactical, operational, and strategic effects AFCYBER Mission: –O/T/E Forces capable of Ensuring/Denying freedom of action in cyberspace –Cyber components of Global Vigilance, Global Power, Global Reach –Present Combat ready forces to CCDR USSTRATCOM trained and equipped to conduct sustained global operations in and through cyberspace, fully integrated with air and space operations Announced: Nov 2006 “Provisional” Stand Up: 17 Sep 07 –“Aim is to develop ultimately a major command that stands alongside Air Force Space Command and Air Combat Command” –HQ Temporarily located at Barksdale (8 th Bomber Wing) –10+ States considered for permanent HQ; Governors heavily involved –Envisioned to have/consolidate 1 NAF, 4 Wings, 6 Groups, 20 squadrons

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Space Back-Ups

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 DoD MILSATCOM Systems and Programs

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Wideband Communications  DSCS III  AJ comm to long haul and tactical users worldwide  5 coverage areas  X-band only, ~250 Mbps/sat  5 primary, 5 residual on orbit Raytheon  Wideband Global SATCOM (WGS)  Focus on high capacity  19 coverage areas  Crossband (X to/from Ka-band, new 2-way Ka)  ~2.1 Gbps/Sat (10X DSCS)  6 satellites (SV-6 Partnered with Australia (TBD))  Successful 1 st launch, 10 Oct 2007  GBS  On UFO, one-way Ka-band, Ku Leased, Direct TV-like  3 coverage beams  3 PIPs, 2+TIPs

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 Connectivity and Efficiency why do packet switching in space…. Connectivity: point to point & multi- point Connectivity: full mesh connectivity to all Global Information Grid users— connects anyone to everyone Circuit Based Internet Protocol (IP) Based (Packet Based) IP requires fewer COMM resources and provides greater flexibility

Fly – Fight – Win Version 18 TSAT Capability Impacts 22.2 hr SATCOM Visible Image 8x10 image 24 Mbytes 2 min24 sec Radar Image Global Hawk (120 Mbytes) 12 min2 min Comm On The Move No Service No Service 1994 Milstar I EHF LDR No Service 110 hr 1.02 hr Air Tasking Order 1.1 Mbytes 5.7 sec1.07 sec <1 sec 1,500 Links 1’ antenna 1.5 Mbps <1 sec Internet-like Connectivity 2001 Milstar II EHF MDR 2009 AEHF EHF XDR 2018 TSAT EHF XDR+ Satisfying the Warfighter’s needs