12,000 Years of American Indian History The Blast IU 17 Fellowship Pennsylvania Intermediate Unit 17 Fall 2010 Colloquium The Blast IU 17 Fellowship Pennsylvania Intermediate Unit 17 Fall 2010 Colloquium

Catch my Campaign Dr. Yohuru Williams & Anthony Fitzpatrick

Pennsylvania Common Core Standards C.5. Physical and human geography B.Explain and locate places and regions as defined by physical and human features A.Demonstrate continuity and change over time using sequential order and context of events A. Analyze the global effects of changes in the physical systems.

The Ice Age

How do we know where a glacier stops?

Changing Flora and Fauna Over Time

Ice sheet on Ellsmere Island, Canada

Tundra: Semi-frozen Sub Arctic Plain Deciduous Forests The Transition from Tundra to Deciduous Forest

The Eastern Shoreline 18,000 Years Ago

Florida 20K BP

Great Lakes from Space

Great Lakes 18,000 BP

12KBP

10KBP

8,000 BP

18 KBP

12 KBP

9 KBP

6 KBP

Modern

United States, 16,000 Years Ago R. G. Larson, Illinois State Museum

Giant Beaver (Castoroides ohioensis) Extinct 8 Ft.

Long-snouted Peccary (Mylohyus nasutus) Extinct

Long-snouted Peccary (Mylohyus nasutus)

(Faunmap Database, Illinois State Museum) Peccary Finds in the U.S.

Jefferson's ground sloth (Megalonyx jeffersonii) Extinct Reconstruction by the University of Iowa Museum of Natural History

Ground Sloth Finds in the U.S. (Faunmap Database, Illinois State Museum)

Caribou (Rangifer tarandus)

American Mastodon (Mammut americanum) Extinct R. G. Larson, Illinois State Museum

Photograph: Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt American Mastodon, Mammut americanum

Mastodon Finds in the U.S. (Faunmap Database, Illinois State Museum)

Jefferson’s Mammoth (Mammuthus columbi jeffersonii) Extinct

Mammoth Finds in the Midwestern U.S. Woolly mammoth finds are shown with red squares; Jefferson's mammoth finds are shown as yellow triangles. Green dots indicate finds that cannot be identified to species.

America’s Oldest Known Artist? 13KBP Vero Beach

Hypothetical American Indian Local Sequence in Archaeology BP 8000 BP 2000 BP Paleo Indian Period Archaic Period Woodland Period

The Evolution of Projectile Point Typology

Woodland Period Archaic Hunters and Gatherers Circa 2000 BP Circa 1000 BP Cultivating Grasses, Bow and Arrow Raising Corn, Beans and Squash An Archaeological Local Sequence Circa 3000 BPPottery Circa 8000 BP Paleo Indians Nomadic Herd Hunters Circa BP Semi Nomadic

It weighed about 440 lbs (200 kg). It was a bit smaller than a modern- day lion (Panthera leo), but much heavier. Extinct Circa 10KBC Smilodon

Paleo Indians And Mega Fauna

PALEO INDIAN TOOL KIT

Paleo Indian Projectile Points

Woodland Period Archaic Hunters and Gatherers Circa 2000 BP Circa 1000 BP Cultivating Grasses, Bow and Arrow Raising Corn, Beans and Squash An Archaeological Local Sequence Circa 3000 BPPottery Circa 8000 BP Paleo Indians Circa BP Semi Nomadic Nomadic Herd Hunters Seasonal Campgrounds

ARCHAIC PERIOD POINTS

The Style and Diversity of Projectile Points and Tool Kits Expands With Each Period Tools became varied and include more ground, polished and bone tools. They developed grooved axes, pestles, etc. Fishing becomes more important and net sinkers and fish hooks appear.

Woodland Period Archaic Hunters and Gatherers Circa 2000 BP Circa 1000 BP Cultivating Grasses, Bow and Arrow Raising Corn, Beans and Squash An Archaeological Local Sequence Circa 3000 BPPottery Circa 8000 BP Paleo Indians Circa BP Semi Nomadic Nomadic Herd Hunters

A Mississippian Monolithic Ax L: 13" Spiro Mounds Le Flore Co., OK Under 10 have been found nationwide.

Great Serpent Mound Ohio Burial and Ceremonial Mounds

Location of Mounds in North America The Mound Builders Heavily Influenced Indian Culture Throughout North America

The Three Sisters of the Garden

WOODLAND POINTS

EarlyMiddleLate Woodland Period Pottery

Guns, Germs and Steel The First Globalization

EUROPEAN CONTACT

FROM THIS

TO THIS

COLONIAL ARTIFACTS

18 th and 19 TH CENTURY HOMES

LIGHTING BOTTLE AND GLASS MANUFACTURE