Yasmin Simmons Tomer Hananel Tamás Álmos Vámi PCM How can we use Phase Change Materials to sustain house temperature without electricity?

Introduction Problems: climate crisis greenhouse gas emissions What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans Problems: climate crisis greenhouse gas emissions air pollution usage of finite resources

Introduction Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Introduction Green building Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

What are PCM’s? Solid Absorbs heat Liquid Releases heat Temperature is above melting point Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans Releases heat Solid Temperature is bellow melting point

Our Idea Storing PCM’s in the walls of the house The goal is to sustain a specific temperature range for human comfort Decreasing the usage of energy by replacing air conditioners Used for heating the house in winter and cooling in summer Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Our Idea PCM’s Organic Paraffins Non-Paraffins Non-organic Salt hydrate Metallics Eutectic Our Idea Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans Our solution is paraffins Formula: CnH2n+2

Paraffins Advantages: Disadvantage: Safety Reliability & Stability Predicability Low cost Non-corrosive Little volume change Disadvantage: Moderately flamability Non-compatible with all plastic Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Paraffins 𝑛 𝐶𝑂+ 2𝑛+1 𝐻 2 → 𝐶 𝑛 𝐻 2𝑛+2 +𝑛 𝐻 2 𝑂 How to produce: Fischer-Tropsch reaction: Using catalysis Cobalt catalysator 200 °C 200-300 bar (2*107 Pa) 𝑛 𝐶𝑂+ 2𝑛+1 𝐻 2 → 𝐶 𝑛 𝐻 2𝑛+2 +𝑛 𝐻 2 𝑂 Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Paraffins Heptadecane C17H36 Octadecane C18H38 Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans Octadecane C18H38

Paraffins Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Difficulties & Solutions Problems: Flamability Liquid phase Outside temperature Our solution: Polyacrylate layer inside Polystyrene layer outside Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

PCM Inside Outside Polystyrene Application Polyacrylate Introduction Wall structure Inside Polyacrylate PCM Polystyrene Outside Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans ~2 mm ~2 cm ~2 mm ~2 cm

Conclusion Use paraffins: Storage in walls Heptadecane Octadecane Polyacrylate layer encapsulating Polystyrene layer outside the PCM The PCM will function as a green heater or cooler with no use of electricity and no damage or pollution. Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Conclusion Total Cost per wall FINAL PRICE per house: 50kg of PCM → Octadecane 2100$ Heptadecane 8500$ 150kg of Polyacrylate → 225$ 130kg of Polystyrene → 195$ Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans FINAL PRICE per house: Octadecane 4∙2520$ Heptadecane 4∙8920$

Conclusion Avarage cost of electricty usage for heating/cooling a house: 5000$ per year Octadecane- profitable after 2 years Heptadecane- profitable after 8 years Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Thank you for listening! Future Plans Finding a PCM that has a melting point of 25°C with low costs Creating it using a mixture of paraffins Applying this method in houses around the world Saving energy!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Thank you for listening! Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans

Resources Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Pasupathy et al: Phase change material-based building architecture for thermal management in residential and commercial establishments, In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2008) Sánchez et al: Microencapsulation of PCMs with a polystyrene shell, In: Colloid Polym Sci (2007) http://www.chemicalland21.com/industrialchem/o rganic/n-OCTADECANE.htm http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical- Structure.11892.html A. Sharma et al. Review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials and application In: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13 (2009) Introduction What are PCM’s? Our Idea Paraffins Difficulties & Solutions Application Conclusion Future plans