Thursday- Science Question of the Day A company designed an electromagnetic tool that removes dents from metal plates. The dented metal is placed between two magnets. A current is then supplied to the electromagnets. The attraction between the two magnets forces the dented metal plate back into place. How can engineers test to see if their design is successful? A. Compare the cost of the operating tool to other dent removal tools. B. Compare the shape of the treated metal with the original shape of the metal. C. Compare the type of metal plates treated by the company to those of other companies. D. Compare the energy requirements of two similar dent removal tools T/E.1 Identify the tools and procedures needed to test the design of a prototype.

6 th Grade Science TCAP: Developing New Technology Today’s Agenda: Writing down the Question of the Day (5 minutes) Going over the Question of the Day (5 minutes) The Design Process (10 minutes) Looking at Examples as a Team (10 minutes) –Identify the tools and procedures needed to test the design of a prototype. –Determine if the engineering design process was successfully applied. –Distinguish between the benefits & consequences of a new technology. TCAP Review on Study Island(15 minutes)

Steps of the Design Process (10 minutes)

Steps of the Design Process 1) Problem Identification What is a problem that technology might solve? One example is air pollution caused by vehicles that burn gasoline. 2) Solution Design Engineers propose designs for technologies that could solve the problem. This step is similar to the development of a hypothesis in an experiment! 3) Implementation & Testing The engineers can now develop a prototype. A prototype is a working model of a new technology. 4) Evaluation A completed design is evaluated to decide if it meets the engineer’s goals. Write this down!

The designed product should … (1) Meet a human need. (2) Use scientific principles. (3) Be suitable for use by more than one person.

Solution Design Figure out how the technology will work. Explain the technology, possibly using drawings or models. Identify materials, and estimate costs and development time. List potential benefits and risks.

Evaluation Does the design work as planned? How can the success of the design be measured? Does the design solve the problem and meet human’s needs? Have risks been minimized? How can the design be improved? What was learned that could help produce a better design?

Looking at Examples as a Team (10 minutes)

Testing Techniques for Technology Questions The reality is, on the TCAP you could get a questions about any kind of technology asking you any number of things about this technology. It will be important for you to use the following testing techniques: (1)What is the question asking you for? (2)What is the purpose of the new technology? (3)Eliminate the answers that do not go along with the question for this technology! Write this down!

Identify the tools and procedures needed t o t e s t t h e d e s i g n o f a p r o t o t y p e. Practice Question #1 Designers of building materials need to test the strength and flexibility of a new material. They will stack cement blocks on top of the material to see how much force the material can withstand until it bends. Which tool will best test the strength of the material? a.Microscope c. Thermometer b.Stopwatch d. Spring scale

Which tool will best test the strength of the material? So… which tools tests strength? a.Does a microscope test strength? b.Does a stopwatch test strength? a.Does a thermometer test strength? a.Does a spring scale test strength? What is the question? No, it magnifies small objects so that we can see them better! No, it tests the speed of an object! No, it is a tool used to measure temperature! Yes! A spring scale is used to determine the weight they material can withstand!

Identify the tools and procedures needed to test the design of a prototype. f. Hang objects with different volumes from the pulleys g. Hang objects with different shapes from the pulleys h. Raise objects with increasing densities on the pulleys j. Raise objects with increasing masses on the pulleys Practice Question #2 Engineers built a prototype of a new pulley system. They wanted to determine the maximum weight the pulley can lift safely. Which is the best way for the engineers to test the weight limits of the pulley system?

Which is the best way for the engineers to test the weight limits of the pulley system? So… which is the best way? The pulley’s purpose is to lift, so we want the objects to be raised … therefore eliminate answer choices F & G! Which of the remaining answer choices test an object based on its weight? J. remember from our lessons on kinetic energy that mass has to do with weight and size of an object. What is the question? What is the purpose of the pulley? To lift things!

Identify the tools and procedures needed to test the design of a prototype. Practice Question #3 Students are to build a model bridge using toothpicks and wood glue. The design of the bridge must support a specific weight and measure 20 centimeters long. Which tools would best help determine if the model bridge meets the design requirements? f. ruler, weights, and string g. string, beaker, and water h. hammer, string, and nails j. pliers, saw, and string

Which tools would best help determine if the model bridge meets the design requirements? Well, what are the requirements? The bridge must … –support a specific weight –measure 20 centimeters long So, Which tools would best help determine if the model bridge meets the design requirements? What is the only answer choice that includes a tool that measures length? A ruler … the answer is F! What is the question?

Determine if the engineering design p r o c e s s w a s s u c c e s s f u l l y a p p l i e d. Practice Question #4 A bridge that crosses a small river was damaged by a flood. After engineers repair the bridge, which engineering procedure should be performed next? a.Test the strength of the bridge b.Build a small scale model of the bridge c.Identify how fast the water in the river travels d.Measure the width of the river

After engineers repair the bridge, which engineering procedure should be performed next? Why did engineers have to repair the bridge in the first place? Due to a flood – the force of the water probably wiped it out. At what point are the engineers performing this procedure? After the engineers repaired the bridge.. What is the question?

After engineers repair the bridge, which engineering procedure should be performed next? a.Test the strength of the bridge a.Build a small scale model of the bridge a.Identify how fast the water in the river travels a.Measure the width of the river. What is the question? This would help us determine if the bridge would get easily damaged again. How would this help us after the bridge was repaired? Perhaps before, but not after! What does the speed of the water have to do with the design of the bridge? What does the width of the river have to do with the design of the bridge?

Determine if the engineering design p r o c e s s w a s s u c c e s s f u l l y a p p l i e d. Practice Question #5 Technicians plan to develop a new type of keyboard that will have alphabet letter in different positions from a standard keyboard. Which will best help the technicians decide if the new keyboard is an improvement over the standard one? a.Asking people their opinions of how they like standard keyboards b.Analyzing the problems that people have using standard keyboard c.Determining how much it will cost to make a new keyboard d. comparing the speeds at which people type on each style of keyboard

Which will best help the technicians decide if the new keyboard is an improvement over the standard one? What would be the purpose of having alphabet letters in different positions from a standard keyboard? To help you type faster and more efficiently! What is the most relevant answer choice based on the purpose of this improved technology? d. comparing the speeds at which people type on each style of keyboard. What is the question?

Determine if the engineering design p r o c e s s w a s s u c c e s s f u l l y a p p l i e d. Practice Question #6 A technology company has identified the need for smaller, longer lasting batteries to use in hybrid vehicles. What would be the first step engineers would take to design and produce an improved battery? a.Test the new battery b.Reshape the existing battery c.Research current battery technology d.Build a prototype battery

What would be the first step engineers would take to design and produce an improved battery? Look back at your design process notes. What have the engineers already done in this process? (1)They have already identified the problem. The batteries must have been too big and did not last long enough. (2) They have already proposed the solution design. They have proposed a smaller, longer lasting battery. (3) So what’s next? The PROTOTYPE! The answer is D. What is the question?

Distinguish between the benefits & c o n s e q u e n c e s o f a n e w t e c h n o l o g y. Practice Question #7 New fluorescent bulbs use less electrical energy and last longer than traditional incandescent bulbs. What is a benefit of this technological advance? f. The bulbs will never need to be replaced g. There will be more solar energy available h. Fewer bulbs will be disposed of in landfills j. Homes will need fewer light sources

What is a benefit of this technological advance? What is the purpose of this new technology? New fluorescent bulbs use less electrical energy and last longer than traditional incandescent bulbs. Let’s go through the answer choices: f. The bulbs will never need to be replaced Be careful of words like never and always g. There will be more solar energy available Is there any mention of solar energy in this technology? h. Fewer bulbs will be disposed of in landfills If they last longer, wouldn’t we use less of them? Ding Ding! j. Homes will need fewer light sources What about this new technology says we would need less of them?. What is the question?

Distinguish between the benefits & c o n s e q u e n c e s o f a n e w t e c h n o l o g y. Practice Question #8 Which of these is the most likely unintended consequence of using ethanol made from corn as a replaced for gasoline in automobile engines? f. A reduction in the use of nonrenewable fuels. g. Lower emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in auto exhaust. h. A decrease in the amount of farmland available to produce food crops. j. Lower fuel cost for consumers.

Which of these is the most likely unintended consequence of using ethanol made from corn as a replaced for gasoline in automobile engines? What is the purpose of the ethanol? It is made from corn and it replaces gasoline (a fossil fuel) – so it is used to power cars! What is a consequence of something? Think about consequences in other scenarios – consequences are negative outcomes that happen as a result of something..What is the only negative answer choice? What is the question?

.What is the only negative answer choice? f. A reduction in the use of nonrenewable fuels. If we reduce our use of fossil fuels, that would be awesome! g. Lower emissions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in auto exhaust. If we didn’t emit as much pollution from our auto exhaust, that would be awesome too! h. A decrease in the amount of farmland available to produce food crops. If we had less farmland for crops, that would NOT be awesome! j. Lower fuel cost for consumers. Duh! No one wants to pay a lot of $$ for gas. This would be awesome!

NOW IT’S YOUR TURN (15 minutes) On 6 th Grade Science Study Island, click on “Impact of Technology” and take the quiz with 15 questions. You will have the last portion of class to answer 15 practice questions on this topic. Remember, you could have any question about any technology, so go through the thought process from today.