4.1 and 4.2 Notes The Growth of Trade

Growth of Trade  Navigation Acts o England’s main interest in the colonies: Economic Benefit  England depended a great deal on the colonies  Mercantilism the creation & maintaining wealth through trade  Balance of Trade (favorable)  Fewer imports; more exports with the colonies  Navigation Acts (regulation of trade w/colonies)  1660 Enumerated Articles (certain goods could only be sold to England not others – basically goods England couldn’t produce itself: sugar, tobacco, cotton, rice

 Duties (taxes levied upon all goods/have to go through a English port) o Mercantilism was good for the colonies – guaranteed outlet for goods  Problem: colonists were dependant upon the English markets to sell their goods  Overall the colonies provided raw materials for goods and the English provided finished goods, but the colonies could not trade directly with foreign countries  American Smugglers o Looking for a way around England’s control  Smuggled sugar, molasses, and rum  Officials often overlooked the smugglers because they were lazy or couldn’t enforce trade regulations

 Trade Networks o 1707 Act of Union established between England and Scotland created the United Kingdom of Great Britain  Britain had a trade network established around the world  Triangular Trade  Goods flowing from colonies (rum) to Africa (slaves) to the West Indies, West Indies (Molasses, sugar, slaves) to colonies  Middle Passage (the trading of slaves)  13 million slaves  3 month voyage  Deplorable conditions  Video: d4d5f &URL=http%3a%2f%2fww w.youtube.com%2fwatch%3fv%3d8nePOpkYwjY d4d5f &URL=http%3a%2f%2fww w.youtube.com%2fwatch%3fv%3d8nePOpkYwjY