Reproductive Systems Module 10 Female and Male Reproductive Systems

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Male Reproductive System at a Glance Functions of Male Reproductive System –Produces sperm –Delivers sperm to female reproductive tract –Secretes male sex hormones

Male Reproductive System at a Glance Organs of Male Reproductive System –Testes –Epididymis –Vas deferens –Seminal vesicle –Prostate gland –Bulbourethral gland –Penis

Anatomy and Physiology - Function Testes produce sperm Reproductive glands add vital fluids to sperm –Produces semen Vas deferens and epididymis transport semen Penis delivers semen to vagina Testes produce male sex hormones –Testosterone

External Genitalia Located outside the body –Penis –Two testes –Two epididymides (plural for epididymis)

Internal Genitalia Located in pelvic cavity –Two vas deferentia (plural for vas deferens) –Two seminal vesicles –Prostate gland –Two bulbourethral glands

The male reproductive system.

Testes Singular is testis; also called testicles Oval-shaped organs in scrotum Produce sperm

Testes Secrete testosterone –Necessary for proper development of sperm –Stimulates growth and development of male reproductive organs –Produces male secondary sexual characteristics

Spermatogenesis Process that produces sperm –Occurs within seminiferous tubules of testes The testes must be maintained at proper temperature for sperm to survive –This lower temperature level is achieved by suspending testes in scrotum outside body –Scrotum is sac that contains testes, epididymides, and beginning of vas deferentia

Electronmicrograph of human sperm. (Juergen Berger, Max-Planck Institute/Science Photo Library/Photo Researchers, Inc.)

Epididymis Coiled tube-shaped organ Lies on top of testes within scrotum Location for sperm maturation and storage Releases sperm into vas deferens

Penis Shaft of penis –Contains urethra Glans penis –Tip of the penis –Protected by prepuce

Penis Contains erectile tissue Increased blood flow during sexual stimulation results in erection –Allows it to be placed within vagina –Ejaculation of semen

Urethra Male urethra extends from urinary bladder to the external opening at tip of penis –Urinary meatus Serves a dual function: –Elimination of urine –Ejaculation of semen –During ejaculation, sphincter closes to keep urine from escaping –Sometimes referred to as Genitourinary System

Vas Deferens Carries sperm from epididymis up into pelvic cavity –Travels up in front of urinary bladder, over top, and then back down posterior side of the bladder –Empties into urethra

Spermatic Cord Cord-like structure between pelvic cavity and scrotum Consists of: –Two vas deferentia –Nerves –Arteries –Veins –Lymphatic vessels

Seminal Vesicles Two glands At base of urinary bladder Connected to vas deferens just before it empties into urethra

Seminal Vesicles Secrete a fluid that nourishes sperm –Rich in glucose This fluid, along with sperm, constitutes semen –Fluid ejaculated during sexual intercourse

Prostate Gland Single gland located just below urinary bladder Surrounds urethra –Vas deferens empties into urethra within prostate

Prostate Gland Secretes alkaline fluid –Neutralizes pH of urethra and vagina –Critical for sperm survival Enlargement of prostate puts pressure on both urethra and vas deferens –Causes problems with both urination and ejaculation

Bulbourethral Gland Also known as Cowper’s glands Two small glands –Either side of urethra –Just below prostate Secrete mucus-like lubricating fluid

You have 3 weeks to complete the reproductive system module. There is so much information, take your time. There is a mod 9 & 10 Test at end of this module. Click Here to ReturnREMEMBER

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