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What are corals? Coral reefs are made up of corals which are marine organisms from Phylum Cnidaria, and exist as small sea anemone-like polyps typically in colonies of identical individuals. The group includes the important reef builders that are found in tropical oceans, which secrete calcium bicarbonate or limestone to form hard skeleton. Most corals depends on sunlight and grow in clear and shallow waters of not more than 5o meters deep, at water temperature of at least 20˚celcius. These corals make major contribution to the physical structure of the coral reefs that develop in tropical and subtropical waters.

Four Types of Coral Reefs 1. Atolls – a ring-shaped reef that grows around the rim of a dead underwater volcano. 2. Fringe reefs – grow along the borders of islands and continents.

3. Barrier reefs – grow between a landmass and an ocean. 4. Platform reefs – grow in patches behind barrier reefs with a flat upper surface.

ACTIVITY I PROCEDURE: 1. Identify the four kinds of coral reefs. 2. Write your answer on the blank space provided in each picture.

1. BARRIER REEF

2. FRINGE REEF

3. ATOLL REEF

4. PLATFORM REEF

Activity II Arrange the sentences on how coral reefs formed. Write numbers 1-4 on the blank provided for. ____Most corals depend on sunlight and grow in clear and shallow water. ____Coral reefs are made up of corals which are marine organisms from Phylum Cnidaria and exist as small anemone-like polyps. ____Coral reefs are formed from piling up of the skeletons of marine animals cemented together by living blue-green and red algae. ____Coral reefs grow in a water temperature of at least 20 ˚ Celsius

ACROSS: 1.A marine organism from the Phylum Cnidaria from which reefs are made up. 2.It is secreted by corals to form hard skeleton. 3.Needed by corals to perform photosynthesis. 4.How many meters deep of water permit the growth of corals? DOWN: 5. A reef that grows between a landmass and an ocean. 6. Atolls are ring-shaped reefs that grows around the rims of a dead underwater landform called 7. A reef that grows along the borders of islands and continents 8. A kind of reef that grows in patches behind barrier reefs. 8P8P 1P1P 5B5B 7F7F 4F4F 6V6V 3S3S 2L2L

8P8P 1P1P 5B5B 7F7F 4F4F 6V6V 3S3S 2L2L ACROSS: 1.A marine organism from the Phylum Cnidaria from which reefs are made up. 2.It is secreted by corals to form hard skeleton. 3.Needed by corals to perform photosynthesis. 4.How many meters deep of water permit the growth of corals? DOWN: 5. A reef that grows between a landmass and an ocean. 6. Atolls are ring-shaped reefs that grows around the rims of a dead underwater landform called 7. A reef that grows along the borders of islands and continents 8. A kind of reef that grows in patches behind barrier reefs. O L Y PS A T F O R M I I F Y R R A R E A O O I E R G N I E OS N T N C L U G H T

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