“The more there are suffering, then the more natural their sufferings appear. Who wants to prevent the fish in the sea from getting wet? Bertolt Brecht

$2.00

Have you visited a developing country?

“There are still around 1 billion people living at the margins of survival on less than US$1 a day, with 2.6 billion—40% of the world’s population— living on less than US$2 a day.” 2007 Human Development Report (HDR) United Nations Development Program

In this class we will often compare the US and Haiti

USHaiti Per capita national income $771$51749 World Bank 2012

USHaiti Per capita national income $771$51749 World Bank 2012 That’s ~$2/day on average!

What’s the difference between mean and median?

USHaiti Per capita national income $771 % of household Income--bottom 40% 16% 46% % of household Income--top 20% 8% 63% And most Haitians aren’t even “average”! UNICEF 2010 $51749

USHaiti Per capita national income This has consequences Life expectancy 7862 UNICEF 2010 $771 $51749

USHaiti Per capita national income $650$47140 This has consequences Life expectancy 7862 UNICEF 2010 Chances of dying Before age 1 7.6% 0.7%

What kills folks in the US?

In contrast in the US we die of diseases of lifestyle or old age

Poverty has its advantages: Haiti ranks 158 th In deaths due to traffic accidents

Few US deaths are caused by infectious disease and most of those occur among the elderly or infirm

Leading causes of death in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia for persons age 0-44 (World Health Organization) In the developing world treatable infectious diseases remain big killers

The picture’s even worse for kids under 5

However, as we’ll see, with a concerted effort we can move in the right direction! HIV/AIDs 2002 New cases Deaths 3 million 5.3 million million 2.3 million

Leading causes of death in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia for persons age 0-44 (World Health Organization) Let’s use tuberculosis--TB-- as an example

Stats from WHO; 2012 TB KILLS 1.3 MILLION PEOPLE EVERY YEAR OVER 3500 EVERY DAY ONE PERSON EVERY 27 SECONDS

Two billion people --one third of the world’s population-- are infected with the bacteria that causes TB World Lung Foundation (2008)

New infections occur at a rate of one per second! World Lung Foundation (2008)

Left untreated, a person with active TB will infect other people per year World Lung Foundation (2008) and

Leading causes of death in Sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia for persons age 0-44 (World Health Organization) It’s not who you know, its where you live.

SOURCES: World Health Organization; Doctors Without Borders | THE WASHINGTON POST It’s not who you know, its where you live.

TB is present world-wide but Incidence rates differ dramatically CDC 2009

80% of all TB cases are concentrated in 22 “high-burden” countries STOP TB partnership

Why does the map of rates of drug resistant TB look different? CDC

In contrast, 9945 cases In 2012!

Even with treatment, the average TB patient loses 3-4 months of work, and up to 30% of yearly household earnings. WHO and World Bank And that’s not all!

This robs the world's poorest communities of an estimated US$12 billion in lost income WHO and World Bank And that’s not all!

Loss of productivity totals 4-7% of total GDP in hardest hit nations. WHO and World Bank And that’s not all!

Our nation provides development assistance to the developing world

But we are not doing our share……

nor are we meeting the goal to which we agreed Promised Delivered