The War Moves West and South Chapter 6 Section 3

War in the West Joseph Brant led multiple raids near NY and PA Henry Hamilton- “Hair Buyer”

War in the West George Rogers Clark: takes Vincennes twice from Henry Hamilton

Glory at Sea Britain blockaded American ships and allies from leaving nor entering American harbors. Blockade- Prevent supplies and troops from entering in or out of harbor.

American Navy

Private owned ships who worked as mercenaries Privateers Private owned ships who worked as mercenaries John Paul Jones: Fought ‘Serapis’ His own ship sunk, but captured ‘Serapis’

War at the South Strongest loyalist population in the South British general captured Charlestown, South Carolina and took thousands of prisoners Worst defeat for Patriots

War at the South British general Charles Cornwallis takes Camden, North Carolina but can not hold it because of Guerilla Warfare

Francis Marion: “Swamp Fox” Guerilla Warfare Hit-and-Run Tactics Francis Marion: “Swamp Fox” Guerilla leader who fought in swamps of South Carolina

Bernardo de Galvez Raised a diverse army of Native Americans, Spaniards, African Americans Took multiple forts ranging from Louisiana to Pensacola, Florida

Battle of Kings Mountain https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=siUUA6KpY4s

Battle of Cowpens Cornwallis defeats American forces but at a heavy loss Can’t continue Carolina Campaign Cornwallis waits at Yorktown, Virginia

The War is Won Chapter 6 Section 4

American ‘Original Strategy’ George Washington originally planned to retake New York from British general Henry Clinton Comte de Rochabeau- French general who commanded 5,000. Arrived at Newport

American ‘Original Strategy’ Problem: - British trapped French Navy in Newport

American New Strategy Lead armies south in secret to attack Yorktown - Soldiers didn’t even know plan Deceive British thinking American army will attack New York

American New Strategy Lafayette, Washington, and Rochambeau march down as American-French army French navy led by Admiral Francois de Grasse meet them at Yorktown

Battle of Yorktown Americans/French Washington 14,000 British Cornwallis 7,500 British army completely surprised and Cornwallis surrendered (American’s sang Yankee Doodle)

Treaty Of Paris of 1783 What did it do? 1. Great Britain recognized United States as a nation 2. East coast to Mississippi River and Canada to the top of Florida 3. British withdraw all troops 4. Americans pay British merchant debts 5. Loyalists will get back confiscated land

Murica’!

Reasons why Americans won 1. Accessible supplies 2. Americans knew land - Ambush: a surprise attack 3. British had a hard time maintaining Carolinas & Saratoga 4. American Alliances 5. Determination and spirit to win -”We may be beaten by the English… but here is an army they will never conquer” --- George Washington

Influences of American Revolution French Revolution (1789) ‘Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity’ Haitian Revolution (Saint Domingue 1791)