Drill 1. What effect would tripling the number of particles of a gas in a closed container have on the pressure exerted? 2. What effect would doubling the volume of an enclosed gas have on the pressure? 3. How does the pressure of an enclosed gas change with increasing temperature? 1. The Pressure would triple. 2. The Pressure would decrease by half. 3. The number and force of collisions increase with temperature, and the pressure increases.

Objective:  SWBAT: Describe the relationships among the temperature, volume, and pressure of a gas in order to compare and contrast the gas laws. Describe the relationships among the temperature, volume, and pressure of a gas in order to compare and contrast the gas laws.

SAT/HSA Enrichment C 3 H 8 + 5O 2  3 CO 2 + 4H 2 O  If 198.0g of C 3 H 8 and g of O 2 are reacted,.. of CO 2 should be produced. a g b g c g d g e g

THE GAS LAWS PRESSURE, VOLUME, & TEMPERATURE

The Gas Laws This hot air balloon was designed to carry a passenger around the world. You will study some laws that will allow you to predict gas behavior under specific conditions, such as in a hot air balloon.

Boyle’s Law: Pressure and Volume  If the temperature is constant, as the pressure of a gas increases, the volume decreases. Boyle’s law states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas varies inversely with pressure.

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Sample Problem

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Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume  As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the volume increases, if the pressure is constant. As the temperature of the water increases, the volume of the balloon increases.

Charles’s Law: Temperature and Volume  Charles’s law states that the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its Kelvin temperature if the pressure is kept constant.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature  As the temperature of an enclosed gas increases, the pressure increases, if the volume is constant. When a gas is heated at constant volume, the pressure increases.

Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature  Gay-Lussac’s law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature if the volume remains constant.

Gay-Lussac’s Law: Pressure and Temperature  A pressure cooker demonstrates Gay-Lussac’s Law. Click for Stimulation

SAMPLE PROBLEM

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The Combined Gas Law  The combined gas law describes the relationship among the pressure, temperature, and volume of an enclosed gas. The combined gas law allows you to do calculations for situations in which only the amount of gas is constant.

SAMPLE PROBLEM

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The Combined Gas Law  Weather balloons carry data-gathering instruments high into Earth’s atmosphere. At an altitude of about 27,000 meters, the balloon bursts.

PRACTICE  1. If the volume of a gas in a container were reduced to one fifth the original volume at constant temperature, the pressure of the gas in the new volume would be A. one and one fifth times the original pressure. B. one fifth of the original pressure. C. four fifths of the original pressure. D. five times the original pressure.

PRACTICE  2. A balloon appears slightly smaller when it is moved from the mountains to the seashore at constant temperature. The best gas law to explain this observation would be  Gay-Lussacs's Law.  Graham's Law.  Boyle's Law.  Charles's Law.

PRACTICE  3. At 46°C and 89 kPa pressure, a gas occupies a volume of L. How many liters will it occupy at 0°C and 20.8 kPa?  L  2.58 L  L  2.20 L

BOYLE’S LAW  Complete online stimulation  25 min  Paper in bin when finished

Summary  Did we accomplish the objective? Explain. Did we accomplish the objective? Explain  Identify the 4 gas laws learned today.  Compare and contrast all of them.  Identify a real life situation where the gas laws would be important to know.

Exit Ticket/Homework  Exit Ticket: The Gas Laws Paper in bin when finished  Homework: Combined worksheet