Macromolecules What are they?

What to include in your notes In chart format – Columns 1.Name of macromolecule 2.Name of Building Block/ Monomer 3.Structure of building block 4.Example 5.Uses of Macromolecule 6.Where produced in the cell

Proteins Amino Acids – building blocks (20)

4 levels of structure 1.Sequence of Amino Acids 2.H-bond interactions- Alpha helix and Beta pleated sheet 3. 3-D structure H- Bond, other interactions 4.Several 3-D Proteins combining to form a more complex molecule

3D 4D

Examples – Meat, Beans, Salivary enzymes Uses – Enzymes, Structure (muscle) Where produced in cell: Ribosomes (Rough ER for export) Enzymes – catalyst: Make a reaction go faster

Carbohydrates Simple sugars/ Monosaccharide – Building blocks (CH 2 O) X

Starches – Polysaccharides Complex Carbohydrates Ends in -saccharide Disaccharides Examples – Sugar (mono/di) Starch (poly) Uses – Short term energy + Plants – Long term energy Storage (Starch) Where produced in cell: Chloroplast (photsynthesis)

Lipids Hydrophobic- Don’t like water Building blocks – Fatty acids + glycerol

FatsOilsWaxes Phospholipids - membranes Examples–Fats, Oils, Waxes, Cell membrane Saturated Unsaturated Trans Bad

Uses – Energy storage (animals), Separation Flexibility, Hormones, Steroids Where produced in cell: Smooth ER

Nucleic Acids Building blocks- Nucleotides Contains 1.sugar backbone, 2.phosphate connector and 3.nitrogen base

Examples – DNA, RNA, ATP – Energy Molecule of the body Uses – Genetic information (DNA), Carries messages (RNA), Energy molecule (ATP) Where produced in cell: Nucleus (DNA +RNA) During respiration (ATP) $ $ $ $ Money