M. Malik Afroz

FORMAT  INTRODUCTION  HISTORY  CLASSIFICATION OF FILMS  COMPOSITION OF FILMS  CONCLUSION

SPECIFIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE  To know about the different types of films  Composition of films.

Introduction  X ray films are thin sheet of cellulose acetate or similar materials coated with light sensitive emulsion.  Emulsion :- is a colloidal dispersion of one liquid in another.  X ray films act as image receptors.

History  WILHELM CONRAD ROENTGEN  1 st film was used in  Dr EDMUND KULL took 1 st dental radiograph 4 months after Roentgens discovery.

Requirements 1. Should have adequate flexibility 2. It must withstand exposure to processing solution without being distorted. 3. Should have a good shelf life 4. No additional equipments needed for storage 5. Should be uniformly translucent.

CLASSIFICATION 1. Based On There Usage  Intraoral Films  Extra Oral Films 2. Based On There Exposure  Direct Exposure Films  Indirect Exposure Films 3. Based On There Size 4. Based On There Speed

Intra Oral Films Or Direct Exposure 1. Intra Oral Peri – Apical x Ray Film (IOPA)  Size 0Size 1Size 2 22x35mm24x40mm31x41mm 2. Bitewing X Ray Film  Size 1Size 2 24x40mm31x41mm 3. Occlusal X Ray Film  55x76mm

Speed of the Film  A speed  B speed  C speed  D speed  E speed  F speed

Types Size 0 – X Ray Film Size 2 – X Ray FilmBite Wing X Ray Film Occlusal X Ray Film Back Side of Size 2; Size 0 and Occlusal Radiograph

Composition 1. Base  0.2mm thick  Polyester Polyethylene Teraphthalate 2. Emulsion  Silver Halide Grains  Vehicle Matrix.

Silver Halide Grains 1. Silver Bromide 2. Silver Iodide  Iodide added to increase sensitivity.  Gold is also added  E films Tabular grain 1.6 um  D film globular grains 1um

Vehicle Matrix  Gelatinous  Non Gelatinous  Made of cattle bone.  Function – Keep silver halide grains evenly dispersed.  Application on x ray film –  Applied on both sides  Supercoating

Film Packet Contents  Plastic Cover  Black Wrapping Paper  X ray Film  Black Wrapping Paper  Lead Foil.

Thank You  Any questions ?