Network Cabling Presentation by: Dani Johnson, Dominik Pecararo, Tommy Yowell

Here we have an every day normal home, which contains many different types of network cable. Pictured here we have… - Coaxial Cable - Twisted Pair Cable

Coaxial Cable Coaxial cable, called “coax” for short, was the foundation for Ethernet networks in the 1980s and remained a popular transmission medium for many years. Coaxial cable consists of: - A central metal core (often copper) - A dielectric insulator - A braided metal shielding - An outer cover (sheath) Coaxial_cable_cutaway.svg/1280px- Coaxial_cable_cutaway.svg.png

Types of Coaxial Cable RG-6: This is the cable that delivers broadband cable internet service and cable TV over long distances. RG-8: Also called “thicknet”, an obsolete Ethernet 10Base-5 standard. You will never find this on a newer network. RG-58: Also called “thinnet”, a Ethernet 10Base-2, easier to handle and install and like thicknet is never installed on newer networks. RG-59: Is used for relatively short connections, for example, when distributing video signals from a central receiver to multiple monitors within a building.

Twisted-Pair Cable Twisted-pair cable consists of color-coded pairs of insulated copper wires. Every two wires are twisted around each other to form pairs, and all the pairs are encased in a plastic sheath. The number of pairs in a cable varies, depending on the cable type. Modern networks typically use cables that contain four wire pairs, in which one pair is dedicated to sending data and another pair is dedicated to receiving data. Twisted-pair cabling is the most common form of cabling found on LAN’s today. All twisted pair cable falls into one of two categories: -STP (Shielded Twisted-Pair) -UTP (Unshielded Twisted-Pair) twistedpair-cable.jpg

Shielded Twisted-Pair STP consists of twisted-wire pairs that are not only individually insulated, but also surrounded by a shielding made of a metallic substance such as foil. Shielding acts like a barrier to external electromagnetic forces, prevents noise, and contains the electrical energy of the signals inside. The effectiveness of STP depends on: -The level and type of environmental noise -The thickness of the shield material -The grounding mechanism -The symmetry and consistency of the shielding

Unshielded Twisted-Pair UTP cabling consists of one or more insulated wire pairs encased in a plastic sheath. UTP is both less expensive and less resistant to noise than STP. UTP is divided up into different categories including: -Cat 3- Cat 5e- Cat 6a -Cat 5- Cat 6- Cat 7 yztcable.en.alibaba.com

Categories of UTP Cat 3: A form of UTP that contains four pairs and can carry up to 10Mbps of data with a possible bandwidth of 16MHz. Cat 5: A form of UTP that contains four wire pairs and supports up to 1000 Mbps and a 100-MHz signal rate. Cat 5e: A higher-grade version of Cat 5 wiring that contains high-quality copper offers a high twist ratio and uses advanced methods for reducing cross talk. Cat 6: A form of UTP that contains four pairs, each wrapped in foil insulation. Additional foil insulation covers the wiring bundle, and a plastic sheath covers the foil insulation. Foil provides resistance to cross talk. Cat 6 can support a 250-MHz signaling rate and a minimum of six times the throughput of Cat 5. Cat 6a: A higher-grade version Cat 6 wiring that reduces attenuation and cross talk and allows for potentially exceeding traditional network segment length limits.

Comparing STP and UTP STP -Reduces noise UTP -Cheaper Both -Can transmit data at 10 Mbps, 100Mbps, 1Gbps, and 10Gbps -Use RJ-45 modular connectors -Have a maximum segment length of 100 meters

Comparing Twisted Pair and Coaxial Cable Twisted Pair -Cheaper -Only effective in short distances -Easily accommodates different topologies Coaxial Cable -Copper core is more expensive -Able to run cable further distances -Signal stays stronger over distance -Less noise interference

Terminating Twisted Pair Cable A Terminating Twisted Pair Cable A One of the two types of termination for ethernet cable is the “A” pattern. This is a less often used method to terminate wires and the order that you terminate the cable is shown on the left below.

Terminating Twisted Pair Cable B Terminating Twisted Pair Cable B The other pattern that is used to terminate ethernet cable is the “B” pattern. This pattern is most widely used and is the type of cable you would find in most networking applications. The order of the wires for termination is shown below.