Wednesday December 12, 2012 Mr. Lombardi Aim: How did India gain independence from Great Britain? Do Now: 

Why Did England Grant India Independence?: – Read the handout; highlight all important parts. – Answer the 6 questions in full sentences. – DO NOT COPY ANOTHER STUDENT’S WORK! – Due: Tomorrow, December 13 H.W. #7

Imperialism in India

Think! Would a riot or a protest be more effective in changing government policy?

Independence in India: Mohandas Gandhi “The Mahatma” (The Great Soul) Led a peaceful movement to gain Indian independence (1947). Used non-violence (philosophies of civil disobedience & passive resistance). Led a 24-day “Great Salt March” (1930): – 60,000 people were arrested. – worldwide public opinion was very “pro-Indian”.

Civil DisobediencePassive Resistance Non-Violent Methods of Gandhi Purposely not following the rules of a society in order to bring about social change. Opposition to laws by the use of non-cooperation and other non- violent methods. Ex: economic boycotts & protest marches.

1.Fill in definitions of vocabulary words: 1.Disobey 2.Unjust 3.Assassinated 4.Ironic 2.Read the Gandhi handout 3.Answer questions 1-7 on the back in COMPLETE SENTENCES Activity # 1

Summary How did India gain independence from Great Britain?

Analyzing Primary Sources Satyagraha A central element of Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence was called Satyagraha, often translated as “soul-force” or “truth-force.” Primary Source Passive resistance is a method of securing rights by personal suffering; it is the reverse of resistance by arms. When I refuse to do a thing that is repugnant to my conscience, I use soul-force. For instance, the government of the day has passed a law which is applicable to me; I do not like it, if, by using violence, I force the government to repeal the law, I am employing body-force. If I do not obey the law an accept the penalty for its breach, I use soul-force. It involves sacrifice of self. Gandhi Chapter XVII, Hind Swaraj

Analyzing a Political Cartoon Political cartoons rely on pictures and few words to convey an opinion about recent events. In following cartoon, the artist uses only two words to make a point about recent events in India. The cartoon appeared in a Brazilian newspaper. Study the cartoon. Then, on a separate sheet of paper, write the answers to the questions that follow.

Analyzing a Political Cartoon

1.Who is the person represented in the cartoon? What was his importance to the people of India? 2.In political cartoons, a person can be used to symbolize an idea. What idea(s) did the person in the statue stand for? 3.What has happened in the cartoon? What do you think the artist meant by showing this? 4.What events might have inspired the artist to draw this cartoon? How do you think he felt about these events? 5.Suggest a title for this cartoon.

Regents Prep Regents Prep - Imperialism

Critical Thinking Questions: 1.Why would Great Britain give India independence and lose a valuable colony? 2.Indian people call Gandhi “Mahatma” which meant “Great Soul.” Why do you believe they gave him this title? 3.How is Gandhi’s assassination “ironic”? 4.Why might the Indian’s want to rule themselves even though the British brought many positive impacts to India? 5.If you were an imperialist how would you justify your position against Gandhi and his philosophy of passive resistance/civil disobedience?