ESTERS. What is an ester? Responsible for tastes and odours. Contain the ester linkage Made from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. Since the C=O group.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

CHE 242 Unit VIII The Structure, Properties, Reactions and Mechanisms of Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE Terrence P. Sherlock.

Advertisements

Lipids: Fats & Oils & Wax & Steroid

Lipids Lipids can be classified as:

Chapter 15 Lipids 15.3 Waxes, Fats, and Oils

Carboxylic Acids Highly polar C=O and O-H bonds allow the carboxylic acid molecules to form hydrogen bonds with polar water molecules. Carboxylic acids.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids energy storage.

W W Nawar: Lipids “Lipids consist of a board group of compounds that are generally soluble in organic solvents but only sparingly soluble in water….” “…Glycerol.

1 Lipids Types of Lipids Fatty Acids Fats, and Oils Chemical Properties of Triglycerides.

© SSER Ltd.. Lipids are a diverse collection of substances that have a range of different functions in living systems Lipids are compounds that serve.

13.6 Oils and Fats. Chemical structure. Oils and fats – important for storing chemical energy in living things. Oils are liquids – fats are solids. Made.

Lipids Chapter 19. Structure and classification of lipids Lipids are organic compounds that are found in living organisms that are soluble in nonpolar.

1 Esterification Alcohols and carboxylic acids react to form esters in a reaction known as esterification. The reverse reaction is hydrolysis. Hydrolysis.

1 Chapter 6 Lipids 6.4 Waxes, Fats, and Oils Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Lipid Review What are the four examples of lipids? 2.

4.10 Triglycerides 1. Triglycerides Fats and oils from plants and animals Tri-esters of propan-1,2,3-triol (glycerol) Three long straight chain carboxylic.

Fats and Lipids.

CHEM 1152 Dr. Sheppard Spring 2015

Examples Fats Oils Waxes Steroids Functions Long-term energy storage Main component of cell membranes Hormones Insulation/cushioning.

Fats (an example of a lipid) Glycerol – Has three –OH groups – Polar molecule Soluble in water Fatty Acids – Long chains of hydrocarbons Insoluble in water.

CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Since the carboxyl group is polar, carboxylic acids contain dipole-dipole forces, London forces and are able to hydrogen bond. Therefore.

Lipids By Umair, Manjit, and Rajat.  Lipids are a biological macromolecule composed of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen atoms  However the ratio of oxygen.

Lipids: Fats & Oils.

Lipids IB Biology Topic 3.

Carboxylic acids, esters and triglycerides L.O:  Explain the water solubility of carboxylic acids  Describe the reactions of carboxylic acids with metals,

Properties and reactions of Esters

Lipids Aims: Must be able to define to the term lipids. Should be able to outline the basic structure of common lipids. Could be able to state the function.

Lipids. LIPIDS Lipids are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring organic compounds that are related by their solubility in nonpolar organic.

BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MACROMOLECULES - LIPIDS. LIPIDS Fats Composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen -Fewer oxygen, greater carbon and hydrogen Hydrophobic.

Lipids 11/04/10. –Many contain carbon chains called fatty acids (monomer). –Fats and oils contain fatty acids bonded to glycerol. –Do not dissolve in.

LIPIDS The Molecules of Cells CH 3. Lipids Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage molecules Lipids include fats, which are mostly energy-storage.

LIPIDS Triglycerides, phospholipids and steroids.

Organic Compounds!! LIPIDS. What makes McDonald ’ s fries taste soooo good? ?

Lipids To model how triglycerides are formed.

 Also called fat – are a family of chemical compounds that are a main part of every living cell.

Chapter 13 Lipids Tiara Bartol and Brant Houghton.

Lipids contain the elements Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen There are two main groups: Triglycerides Phospholipids.

Glycerol is one of the building blocks in lipids. It is a 3C alcohol.

Lipids The term Lipid applies to a class of compounds that are soluble in organic solvent and nearly in soluble in water. Chemically:

Week 3 Esters, Fats, Oils, Proteins, Oxidation and Chemistry of Cooking Higher Supported Study.

Carbon Macromolecules Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to four other atoms, including other carbon atoms. Carbon-based molecules have three general.

 Lipids have three important roles in human biochemistry  Energy is stored within fat cells  Help to separate aqueous solutions in cell.

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.1 Chapter 17 Lipids 17.3 Waxes, Fats, and Oils.

AP Biology Lipids: Fats & Oils AP Biology Lipids long term energy storage concentrated energy.

Lipids. peanut butter is 51% fat Lipids Lipids include commonly called substances - fats, oils, waxes, steroids & phospholipids They are made almost.

 Also known as fats  Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen  When your body breaks down lipids, it turns it into fatty acids and glycerol.

6 Lipids, Membranes and Cells. Table 3.1 The Building Blocks of Organisms 15% 7% 2% 26% 2% Water 70%

© SSER Ltd.. Lipids are a diverse collection of substances that have a range of different functions in living systems Lipids are compounds that serve.

Fatty Acid A fatty acid is nothing more than a long C-H chain with a carboxyl group (COOH) on the end. The COOH gives it an acid property.

Chapter 1.6 Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Fats

LIPIDS Varied in structure

What do these images have in common?

Chapter 3: Biochemistry

Long term energy storage

FATS and OILS Gülce Güngör 12-C.

Long term energy storage

The Chemistry of Life Lipids

Lesson starter What is the difference between alpha and beta glucose?

Chemical Properties of Triglycerides

Fats and oils Overview In this section, study the chemistry and structure of edible fats and oils, and learn how the difference in melting points of fats.

Natural products: fats and oils

Chemical Properties of Triglycerides

Organic molecules are the molecules in living things

Catalyst Take out your homework so that we may go over it.

Presentation transcript:

ESTERS

What is an ester? Responsible for tastes and odours. Contain the ester linkage Made from an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. Since the C=O group is polar and has the ability to hydrogen bond, these compounds will have higher melting and boiling points than the corresponding hydrocarbon and they will be soluble in water

NAMING Use the “yl” form of the alcohol proceeded with the “oate” form of the carboxylic acid. i.e. “alkyl oate” Examples

Reactions of Esters 1.Preparation 2.Hydrolysis (reverse of 1)

For the above reactions, if there is an excess of the alcohol and carboxylic acid, reaction 1 is favoured and if there is an excess of water, reaction 2 will be favoured. 3.Irreversible Hydrolysis Since these conditions produce a stable carboxylate ion, the reaction is not reversible

Waxes Waxes are mixtures of esters having carbon chains in the range of 16 to 34 carbons on each side of the ester linkage. Since the hydrocarbon chains are so long, waxes are very water repellant. Biological Importance: fruit, leaves, insects

Fats and Oils Fats and oils are triesters of glycerol that contain at least one fatty acid. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids that contain carbon and having varying degrees of unsaturation glycerol + 1 fatty acid  monoglyceride + water glycerol + 2 fatty acids  diglyceride + water glycerol + 3 fatty acids  triglyceride + water

Fats in Plants The hydrocarbon chains are unsaturated with 1,2, or 3 C=C bonds. The double bonds reduce the intermolecular forces by causing “kinks” in the chain resulting in lower melting and boiling points. For this reason the fats are generally liquid (oils) Since the double bonds provide a site for reactions, the break down of unsaturated fats is more effective (i.e. less cholesterol). The double bonds are easily oxidized meaning edible oils will go rancid (i.e. spoil) and oil based paints/varnish will crosslink to produce tough films.

Fats in Animals The hydrocarbon chains are fully saturated. The chains are fairly straight allowing for close packing and greater intermolecular forces. Due to the lack of unsaturation, they are not broken down easily by the body and can cause the build up of cholesterol. Solids at room temperature.

Salicylates Contain salicylic acid. Most common is acetyl salicyclic acid “ASA” (AKA aspirin) which is used for pain relief and as an antiseptic.

Homework Page 66 # 11, 12 Page 67 # 14, 15 Practice page 67 # 1, 4 Section