Territorial impacts of globalization on European Regions Van Hamme Gilles IGEAT-ULB Internal meeting May 2010

2/25 The team Lead partner : IGEAT-ULB Partners Pp2 (UK): School of real estate and planning. University of Reading Pp3 (France): CNRS (mainly Université de Normandie) Pp4 (Italy): Dpto Studi Europei e Interculturali, Sapienza Università di Roma Pp5 (Sweden): Internationella Handelshögskolan i Jönköping AB Pp6 (Bulgaria): Institute of Geography BAS

3/25 Major questions and objectives 1.Objective 1: to assess how Europe, its regions and cities participate in the global flows and networks and how the global processes impact on the territorial structures of Europe. How can territorial policies help to improve the position of the different types of regions in the world and ensure the objectives of social and territorial cohesion despite the potentially unequal impacts of globalization on European territories? 2. Objective 2: : to analyse the impacts of territorial structures on European performances How can territorial policy improve European competitiveness? For example, should we invest mainly in the global cities to improve Europe’s position in the world? 3. Objective 3: to analyse how Europe and its territories position themselves in the world through cooperation and networking with other parts of the world. How this positioning participates in achieving the objectives of improving competitiveness as well as social and territorial cohesion?

4/25 The architecture of the Project

5/25 The general philosophy of the project 1 - providing answers based on existing results from the ESPON program as well as from the scientific and grey literature (European commission, World Bank, OECD). 2 – providing new results based on innovative approaches in order to shed new light on the main questions raised by the challenge of globalization for European territories:  make a systematic comparison of Europe, North American and Eastern Asia in terms of performances in competitiveness, social and territorial cohesion (WP 2.2);  to provide regional trade statistics in order to assess more directly than in previous studies the regional role in the division of labour (WP 2.3.1);  to complete existing studies on the position of European regions in the international division of labour by value chain analyses (WP 2.3.1);  to assess the position of Europe in the global financial flows through original indicators (WP 2.3.2);  to assess the position of Europe and its territories in the global knowledge flows through indirect indicators (high value goods, license payment, patent citations) (WP 2.3.3);  to analyse specific forms of human mobility (highly qualified persons, female, students) (WP 2.3.4);  to analyse the position of Europe in the world through different types of gateways, mainly financial, maritime and air gateways (WP and 2.3.5);  to synthesize different forms of cooperation between Europe and the rest of the world (official treaties of the EU, networks of excellence…) (WP 2.4).

6/25 WP 2.2. Territorial structures in a comparative perspective 1.To provide updated divisions of the world (WUTS) 2.To Compare Europe with other parts of the world according to the main political objectives of EU: competitiveness, social and territorial cohesion 3.To assess the territorial structures of Europe in a comparative 3-D approach: level of concentration (density), level of mobility (distance) and internal mobility (divisions): - To assess the contemporary urban structure in Europe, including the role of gateways. More precisely, to assess the position of European cities in the cities world network; - To assess the territorial inequalities of Europe in a comparative and long term perspective.

7/25 WP 2.3. Flows and networks “Analyse the space of flows at the world level and understand its meaning in terms of territorial development and new territorial structures”, that is: 1.To assess the position of Europe and its territories in different types of flows? -Economic (regional trade, value chain), -Financial (stock-exchange flows, real estate investments flows at the city level) -Migratory (women, highly qualified) -knowledge (license payments, patent citations) -Transport (maritime, air) 2. To assess how the flows related to globalization impact on the territorial structure of Europe?

8/25 WP 2.4. Political cooperation and networks 1)To analyse the different forms of cooperation between Europe and the rest of the world and to assess which vision of Europe of the world it supports 2)To focus on neighbourhood policies to see whether there is a real integration between Europe and neighbouring regions 3)To assess the “new regionalism” by the analysis of network cooperation and networks of excellence between European actors, including public bodies such as regions, and the rest of the world

9/25 Main expected results 1.Typologies at city, regional and world macro-regional level which synthesize the main results of the WP’s, mainly their position in the global space of flows. 2. The synthesis of the key-driving forces of globalization and its impact on European territories at different scales in relation with the main political questions

10/25 Towards policy options Basic question : How can the competitiveness of EU territories be promoted and exploited at different scales (global, European, transnational, national, regional/local)? The responses to these questions will be differentiated according to the policy visions of ESPON “Europe in the world” :  In the continental vision, priority is given to EU internal integration while “regarding the rest of the world, the emphasis is put on security”;  The centre/periphery vision takes account of the fact that the neighbourhood of Europe, mainly the Mediterranean one, is still very much dependent on European power;  the archipelago vision states that network relations are more important than purely geographical proximity. In this perspective, global cities and/or gateways have a central role to play in the future of Europe in the new context of globalization.

11/25 The IGEAT main contributions 1.Urban strucures and networks in Europe (in collaboration with Reading); 2.Regional inequalities in Europe in a comparative perspective with Northern America; 3.Position of European regions in the international division of labour, notably through regional trade 4.Airflows 5.Coordination, Synthesis etc…