Chapter 13 Cardiovascular System The Arterial System p. 363-368 Day 5

Paths of Circulation Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back Systemic Circuit Carries blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back

Arterial System Aorta Principle Branches of Aorta Largest diameter artery in body (Fig. 13.26) Principle Branches of Aorta Ascending Aorta Top of aorta that leads to major branches of aorta Arch of Aorta Brachiocephalic Artery Leads to Right Subclavian and Right Common Carotid Left Common Carotid Left Subclavian Artery

Arterial System Cont. Descending Aorta Thoracic Aorta Contains the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta Thoracic Aorta Bronchial Artery Bronchi Pericardial Artery Pericardium Esophageal artery esophagus Mediastinal artery Mediastinum Posterior intercostal artery Thoracic wall

Arterial System Cont. Abdominal Aorta Celiac Artery Organs of upper digestive tract Gastric Artery-stomach Splenic Artery-spleen Hepatic Arteries-liver Superior and Inferior mesenteric arteries-sm. and lg. intestines Suprarenal Arteries-adrenal gland Renal Arteries-kidneys Gonadal arteries-ovary or testes Phrenic Artery-diaphragm Lumbar Artery-posterior ab. Wall Middle Sacral Artery-sacrum and coccyx Branches into common iliac arteries

Arterial System Cont. Common Iliac Right Common Iliac Left Common Iliac Supplies blood to lower regions of ab. Wall, pelvic organs and lower extremities

Arterial System Cont. Arteries to Neck, Head, and Brain Branches of subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to structures within neck, head, and brain. Vertebral Arteries Basilar Artery-branches to pons, midbrain, and cerebellum Posterior cerebral arteries-occipital and temporal lobes Circle of Willis Connects vertebral artery to internal carotid artery systems. Also equalizes blood pressure in the brain’s blood supply.

Arterial System Cont. Thyrocervical Arteries External Carotid Artery: Branch to thyroid, paraythyroid, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and pharynx as well as muscles in neck, shoulder, and back. External Carotid Artery: Upward side of head, branching into the neck, face, jaw, scalp and base of skull Superior Thyroid Artery-larynx and thyroid gland Lingual Artery-tongue and salivary glands Facial Artery-Pharynx, palate, chin, lips and nose Occipital Artery-posterior scalp, meninges, neck muscles Posterior Auricular Artery-ear and lateral scalp Maxillary Artery-teeth, jaw, cheek, and eyelids Superficial Temporal Artery-gland and surface of the face and scalp

Arterial System Cont. Internal Carotid Artery Follows a deep course upward along the pharynx to the base of the skull. Also contains baroreceptors that maintain B.P. Ophthalmic Artery-eye and eye muscles Anterior Choroid Artery-Choroid plexus and brain Arteries of shoulder and upper limb Subclavian-branches into arm Axillary Artery- supplies branches to structures in axilla and chest wall, become Brachial Artery that follows the humerus to elbow where it branches into Radial and Ulnar Arteries Ulnar-follows ulnar side down arm Radial-follows the radial side of arm-used for pulse

Arterial System Cont. Arteries of the Thoracic and Ab. Walls Internal Thoracic Artery Supplies intercostal muscles and mammary glands Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limb Internal Iliac Artery-pelvic muscles, visceral structures, gluteal muscles, external repro. Organs External Iliac Artery-main supply to lower limbs-becomes femoral Femoral Artery-anterior surface of upper thigh Popliteal Artery-braches off femoral artery at knee, leads to anterior and posterior tibia arteries Anterior Tibial Artery-between tibia and fibula Posterior Tibial Artery-larger of the two popliteal, supplies calf and lower leg

The List to Know R and L Coronary Arteries Aorta Brachiocephalic R and L Common carotid R and L Subclavian R and L Gastric Celiac Splenic Hepatic R and L Renal Gonadal Sup. And Inf. Mesenteric Lumbar Sacral R and L. Common Iliac Superior thyroid Vertebral Carotid sinus Occipital Internal carotid External carotid Maxillary Basilar Posterior auricular Facial Anterior Choroid Axillary Brachial Radial Ulnar Anterior and Posterior Intercostal Internal and External Iliac Femoral Popliteal Anterior Tibial Posterior Tibial