Preparation of a Strategic Pilot Program for Climate Resilience (PPCR) Project - Phase I (November January 2013) Climate Investment Funds (CIF) Grant No. TF through ADB and World Bank

2 Presented by: Jorma Koponen and Sok Saing Im Technical Assistance on Science-Based Adaptation Planning and Outreach (Hydro-meteorological Information) Climate Change Resilience (PPCR) Project – Phase 1 Inception Meeting, Phnom Penh, Cambodia April 23-24, 2012

Presentation Outline 3 1. Introduction: Hydro-meteorological network and climate change 2. Current status of hydro-meteorological network infrastructure 3. Hydro-meteorological network rehabilitation 4. Scalability, quality, and sharing of data 5. Current network roles and responsibilities 6. Discussion Questions

Introduction: Hydro-meteorological Network and Climate Mitigation 4 1.Climate change means that weather events are becoming increasingly unpredictable 2.Over 16 million people in Cambodia affected by climate and weather related disasters in the last 20 years 3.$521 million in damages incurred since 1990 (EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database; World Development Indicators, World Bank) 4.Extensive and persistent data gaps exist for all of rainfall, water level, and rates of flow; making mitigation of climate and weather events difficult

Current Status: Hydrological Network Infrastructure 200 manual rainfall stations in Cambodia: approximately 10 of which are delivering continuous time-series data 5

Hydrological Network Infrastructure 123 hydrological stations, 97 of which are water level stations 6

Hydro-meteorological Network Infrastructure The MRC maintains a series of meteorological and hydrological stations in Cambodia as part of its regional hydro- meteorological network The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) operates a limited number of climate stations Most stations are poorly equipped and lack adequate maintenance Very fragmented geographical coverage © Hatfield Consultants. All Rights Reserved. 7

Scalability, Quality, and Sharing of Data: Knowledge Management and Information Sharing 1. Raw data are collected with very little screening 2. Data processing procedures not strictly followed at stations with backwater effects 3. Quality of flow data not always managed properly 4. Hydro-meteorological information used for little else than flood forecasting 5. Compatibility of hydro-meteorological data collected in Cambodia with data collected in neighboring countries is unknown 6. Data sharing is occurring as part of the MRC, but also as part of partnerships that exist between remote sensing and hydrological organizations 7. Data sharing with the public is occurring with respect to flood forecasting, but for little else 8. An intermediate mechanism for interpreting El Niño/La Niña forecasts and converting them into locally usable information is lacking 8

1. Doppler weather radar station construction in Phnom Penh (MOWRAM) is complete and operational 2. Only those MRC stations along the Mekong mainstream are supported by the MRC Appropriate Hydrological Network Improvement Project (AHNIP) 3. The Mekong Hydrological Cycle Observing System (HYCOS) Project is working on rehabilitation of stations until Rehabilitation: Hydro-meteorological Network Infrastructure

Roles and Responsibilities: Hydro-meteorological Network Operation 1. Department of Hydrology and River Works (DHRW), MOWRAM – Hydrological data collection – Hydrological network operation and management – Data processing, analysis and dissemination – Flood and weather forecasting for DOM 2. Department of Meteorology (DOM), MOWRAM – Meteorological data collection, cataloguing and dissemination – Equipment – Capacity building and training of Provincial staff 3. Provincial authorities – Allocating land and finances for staffing the Meteorological stations 4. There is a lack of qualified technicians for repairing and maintaining stations 5. Most rainfall stations are manual: installations may not follow consistent standards 6. Data sharing is mandated and described by the Water Law 10

Discussion Questions 11 1.How do you currently use hydromet data (e.g., for water resources management, irrigation development, disaster management, vulnerability analysis, hydropower development, fisheries management)? 2.What needs to be done to improve the availability and quality of hydromet data? 3.How are climate change data and information taken into consideration in planning and investments (e.g. infrastructure development)? 4.What kind of support do you require to be able to utilise climate change information for planning and decision-making?

12 Thank you! 12 For further information contact: Sokhem Pech, Team Leader Manager of International Development Group HATFIELD CONSULTANTS PARTNERSHIP North Vancouver, BC, CANADA Office phone Mobile phone Sok Saing Im Climate Change/Environment/NRM Specialist HATFIELD CONSULTANTS PARTNERSHIP Mobile phone: