State Standard 2C. Using Mendel’s laws, explain the role of meiosis in reproductive variability. 2D. Describe the relationships between changes in DNA and potential appearance of new traits Chromosomal Abnormalities (11.3)

 ____________—micrograph in which the __________ of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size Chromosomes and Human Heredity Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Karyotype Studies  Images of chromosomes stained during metaphase  Chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size to produce a micrograph.  Used to identify chromosome ____________ Chapter 11

Normal Karyotype

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Nondisjunction  Cell division during which sister chromatids fail to _______________ properly  Down Syndrome (Trisomy ______)  Patau Syndrome (Trisomy ______)  Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy ______) 11.3 Chromosomes and Human Heredity Chapter 11 Nondisjunction on ____________ (non-sex chromosomes – 1-22) can cause:

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Nondisjunction Cont’d  Nondisjunction on ______ chromosomes can cause…  _______________ Syndrome (female w/ only 1 X chromosome  _______________ Syndrome (male w/ an extra X chromosome 11.3 Chromosomes and Human Heredity Chapter 11

Nondisjunction

Complex Inheritance and Human Heredity Chapter 11