Weather Recap

Heat The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another. Heat Transfer: Conduction Convection Radiation

Earth’s Energy Budget Solar radiation is the primary source of heat for soil and water. Earth will absorb this heat, but will radiate heat back into the atmosphere. This helps heat the air.

Specific Heat Capacity The amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a substance. The higher the heat capacity, the more energy is needed.

Heating Water Water needs a lot of heat to change its temperature because it has a high specific heat capacity.

Heating Land Land heats much faster than water. Water’s specific heat capacity is much higher. Radiation can penetrate deeper into water.

Breezes Sea Breeze: Land Breeze: During day. Heat from land rises and breeze from water. Land Breeze: During night. Heat from ocean rises and breeze from land.

Humidity The amount of water vapour in the air. Relative Humidity: As a percentage of the water vapour if the air was saturated. Warm air can hold more vapour than cold air.

Thermal Energy Transfer Endothermic: Absorption of heat Melting Evaporation Exothermic: Release of heat Condensation Freezing

The Water Cycle Condensation Precipitation Infiltration Runoff Evaporation Transpiration

Atmosphere Ionosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Ozone Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere Ionosphere

Greenhouse Gases Absorb re-radiation from Earth. Help warm the atmosphere.

Atmospheric Pressure The force exerted by air on its surroundings.

Pressure Systems High Pressure: Low Pressure: Cool air moves down. Nice weather. Low Pressure: Warm air moves up. Bad weather.

Heat Sinks Absorb and store thermal energy. Earth’s Heat Sinks: Water Air