Chapter 14 – The Height of Imperialism Section 1 – Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia.

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Chapter 14 – The Height of Imperialism Section 1 – Colonial Rule in Southeast Asia

Chapter 14 Outline All about colonies and imperialism by Europe to 4 different places Section 1: Southeast Asia Section 2: Africa Section 3: India Section 4: Latin America

Key Terms Imperialism – The extension of a nation’s power over other lands Protectorate – A political unit that depends on another govt. for its protection Indirect rule – Colonial govt. in which local rulers are allowed to maintain power/status Direct rule – Colonial govt. in which local elites are removed from power & replaced by people from the mother country

The New Imperialism Started in 1800s WHY start expanding to Southeast Asia (SEA)? 2 reasons – raw goods and markets Raw goods = rubber, oil, tin, etc. Markets = people to sell manufactured goods to New way to build empires = abroad A new version of a very old idea A race for power in Europe How would Social Darwinism/Racism play in? A hidden 3 rd reason – religion/humanitarianism

Colonial Takeover in S.E.A. Gradualness (something we can learn from today!) GB 1: Base on Singapore for steamships going to China 2: Burma (Myanmar) as a buffer for India France 1: Missionaries to Vietnam, which becomes a French protectorate 2: 1880s, Laos, Tonkin, Annam, & Cambodia

The U.S.A. Spanish-American War President: William McKinley – turns Spanish Philippines into U.S. colony Emilio Aguinaldo led independence movement, but lost 125 years later…here we were… Had we learned nothing from England???

Types of Colonial Regimes in S.E.A. Indirect rule: Convenient & cheap, but impossible when locals refused to accept colonial rule Direct rule: more tyrannical, but sometimes necessary

Colonial Economies Remember: markets and raw goods Export-based economies Plantations with locals as slaves with high taxes from mother country (USA under England example)

The Exception - Thailand Siam = only free state in S.E.A. Thanks to King Mongkut and his son, King Chulalongkorn Appeased West, so never taken over

Resistance to Colonial Rule Peasant revolts (remember Aguinaldo??) Nationalism All in all, it was the SAME OLD STORY! Different place, different time, same problems This is a persistent issue in history

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