The Structure of the Earth
3 Composition Layers: Based on what the layer is made of
Compositional Layers of Earth
1. Crust Outer layer, very thin Two types of crust: Continental Crust (land) – thicker & less dense Oceanic Crust (land under the ocean) -thinner and more dense
How can you tell Oceanic Crust is more Dense?
2. Mantle Contains 67% of Earth’s Mass We have not actually seen the mantle. Made of solid rock that is able to flow.
3. Core Made mostly of Iron and other very dense materials.
5 Physical Layers of the Earth: Based on the physical state of matter: solid, liquid, or gas.
1. Lithosphere “Rock Sphere” Outermost rigid layer Divided into pieces called tectonic plates Solid The least dense of Earth’s layers.
Tectonic Plates make up the Lithosphere
2. Asthenosphere “Weak Sphere” Soft layer of mantle. Made of solid rock that flows very slowly like putty (same rate fingernails grow). Solid (but can flow like a liquid)
3. Mesosphere “Middle Sphere” Strong lower mantle. Solid rock that flows in circles, heating and cooling. Has convection currents
4. Outer Core Liquid layer Made of melted Iron Very Dense Seismic waves help us to know this layer is liquid
5. Inner Core Solid Iron Most dense layer Iron causes magnetic fields
Structural layers