Unit one Identify different types of health care organizations. Ramesh kumar

Health organization According aid from international health organizations in the developed countries pays for less than 5% of the total health care costs in the developing world

The estimates do not specify exactly what they include as health aid, but they probably omit the value of food relief and other health- related disaster relief, as well as money spent on water supply and sanitation projects, although these activities have important health benefits

INTERNATIONAL HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION WHO is directing and coordinating international health activities and supplying technical assistance to countries. It develops norms and standards, disseminates health information, promotes research, provides training in international health, collects and analyzes epidemiologic data, and develops systems for monitoring and evaluating health programs. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) serves as the regional field office for WHO in the Americas and, since it predates WHO, carries on some additional autonomous activities.Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)

The United Nation Children's Fund (UNICEF) spends the majority of its program (non-administrative) budget on health care. UNICEF makes the world's most vulnerable children its top priority, so it devotes most of its resources to the poorest countries and to children younger than 5The United Nation Children's Fund (UNICEF)

United Nation Development Programme (UNDP) allocated $141 million, out of a total budget for field expenditures of $1 billion, to "health, education, employment.United Nation Development Programme (UNDP)

The World Food Programme (WFP) supplies food relief in disasters and coordinates the activities of NGOs involved in food relief, as well as assisting them with transportation and logistics. In 1994 it spent $874 million on relief. The WFP also supports agricultural and rural development ($181 million), and education ($131 million).World Food Programme (WFP)

UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)provides international protection to refugees and also attempts to find long-lasting solutions to their problems. UNHCR is the major international organization for the world's 20 million refugees. It aids refugees directly and coordinates the work of NGOs involved in refugee relief.UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Like the World Bank and WHO it is technically an "intergovernmental agency related to the UN." It helps developing countries prepare for famine through its Global Information and Early Warning System and its Food Security Assistance Scheme, which helps developing countries set up national food reserves. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is the largest and most prestigious ofInternational Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement he International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies receives its principal support from the individual national societies. Its main mission is to provide disaster relief. It works closely with the national Red Cross societies in the affected countries.the world's humanitarian NGOs

, Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) provides health aid to victims of war and natural disasters. Unlike the Red Cross, MSF is willing to enter war-torn areas without the permission of authorities. Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF)

Catholic Relief Services (CRS) specializes in providing food relief.Catholic Relief Services (CRS)

National Health Organization

Classification by type of service: Classification by type of service: 1) General hospital: ● Which offers medical, surgical. Obstetric, emergency, and diagnostic as well as laboratory services. Types of Health Care Organizations

2) Specialty hospital: ● Which offers only a particular type of care. such as: - psychiatric hospitals - women's hospitals - children's hospitals ● Specialty hospitals tend to be less common than general hospitals

3) Community hospital: 3) Community hospital: ● Which provides those services provided in the general hospital but for specific community.

4) Tertiary hospital: ●Which are serving as referral centers for clients with complex or unusual problems. ●They have the facilities for specialized types of care such as burn centers, bone marrow transplant centers, as well as resources for general care. ●They serve a wide geographic area in addition to their own community. ●Usually associated with a university or are a part of a large medical center.

5) Sub-acute care (transitional care): ● It is a growing type of services that may be offered in a special unit of a hospital or may be provided in long –term care setting. The unit (medical services +discharge rapid) Hospitals The unit ( rehabilitative services ) Long-term facilities

6) In-home services: ●Which are provided in the community health care agencies, by health care professional including nurses, physical therapists, social workers, and home health care aid. ● this care may be: 1) Short–term: teaching and monitoring after hospitalization 2) Intermediate-term: to assist an individual until self-care is possible 3) Long-term: for those with ongoing health problems

7) Ambulatory care: ● Which refers to care services provided to persons who are not hospitalized ● The ambulatory settings include: The outpatient surgery centers Minor emergency clinics Outpatient dialysis units Outpatient birthing centers

Classification by ownership 1)Governmental Organizations: Owned, administered, and controlled by government Provide free care for patients May offer private accommodation for free- paying patient

The governmental hospital are owned by: a- The Ministry of Health b- The University c- Military personnel d- Health insurance organization e- Health care organization

2) Non-Governmental Organizations: For-profit agencies (PRIVATE): owned, operated, and controlled by individuals, groups, or private organizations.

Non-for-profit agencies (Voluntary health agencies): ● Owned and operated by non-profit groups or organizations (e.g. religious bodies & community boards) ● The original capital costs are obtained in a variety of ways (e.g. through donation)

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