The Darwin Challenge World History 1/24/13

Introduction Growth of public education (“three Rs”) – though to produce better citizens. Quality of education begins improving. New directions in science. New ideas challenged long-held beliefs.

The Darwin Challenge Darwinism – all forms of life had evolved into their present state over millions of years. Theory of Natural Selection - Influenced by Malthus. Plants and animals produce more offspring than the food supply could support. Members of each species compete to survive. Natural forces “selected” those best adapted to their environment.

The Darwin Furor Darwin’s theory ignited a furious debate between scientists and theologians. To many Christians, the Bible contained the only true account of creation. Controversy over Darwin’s theory has continued to the present day, especially in the United States.

Social Darwinism Darwin never promoted any social ideas. Social Darwinism – applied the idea of survival of the fittest to war and economic competition. Industrial tycoons were seen as more fit than those they put out of business. War brought progress by weeding out weak nations. Victory was seen as proof of superiority.

Social Darwinism Social Darwinism encouraged racism – belief that one racial group is superior to another. By the late 1800s, many Europeans and Americans claimed that the success of western civilization was due to the supremacy of the white race.

Quick Question Analyze your notes. Explain why the ideas of Charles Darwin caused controversy.