Antibiotics Affecting Protein Synthesis Medications for Infection

 Either bacteriostatic or bactericidal  Uses;  Respiratory  GI  Urinary  Reproductive tract  Rickettsia

Tetracyclines Tetracycline Other Doxycylcine Minocycline Demeclocycline

PurposePurpose  Expected Action  Broad spectrum  Prevents protein synthesis  Effective against: protozoa, mycoplasma, rickettsia, chlamydia, syphilis, lyme disease  Therapeutic Use  Acne vulgaris  Periodontal disease  Rickettsial infections  Chlamydia trachomatis  Brucellosis  Mycoplasma pneumonia  Lyme disease  Anthrax  H. pylori

Complications  GI discomfort  Yellow/brown tooth discoloration  Hypoplasia of tooth enamel  Hepatotoxicity  Photosensitivity  Supra-infection of the bowel  Dizziness, lightheadedness – minocycline  Contraindications/Precautions  Pregnancy risk D  Caution – liver & renal disease

 Milk products, calcium or iron supplements, magnesium containing laxatives, antacids  Oral contraceptives  Digoxin

Macrolides Erythromycin Other Azithromycin

 Expected Action  Slows micro-organisms growth  Therapeutic Use  PCN allergy  Legionnaires’ disease  Whooping cough  Acute diphtheria  Chlamydia infections  Mycoplasma pneumonia  Streptococcus pneumonia respiratory tract infections  Group A streptoccus pyogenes

Complications  GI discomfort  Prolonged QT interval  Ototoxicity  Contraindications/Precautions  Contraindicated – pre-existing liver disease, existing QT prolongation

 Antihistamines, theophylline, carbamazepine, warfarin, digoxin  Verapamil, diltiazem, HIV protease inhibitors, antifungals, nefazodone

Aminoglycosides Gentamicin Other Amikacin Tobramycin Neomycin Streptomycin Paromomycin

PurposePurpose  Expected Action  Bactericidal  Disrupts protein synthesis  Therapeutic Use  Aerobic gram negative bacilli  Intestinal amebiasis  Tapeworm infections  Prior to surgery of GI tract  Eye, ear, skin infections  Active TB  Gram positive, gram negative & acid fast bacteria

Complications  Ototoxicity  Nephrotoxicity  Respiratory depression or muscle weakness  Hypersensitivity  Neurologic disorder – streptomycin  Contraindications/Precautions  Caution – kidney impairment, pre-existing hearing loss, MG, taking ethacrynic acid, amphotericin B, cephalosporin, vancomycin, & neuromuscular blocking agents.

 PCN  Other ototoxic medications