1©2006 TEEX WELDING  WELDING- WELDING ARE PROCESS WHERE METAL ARE JOINT TOGETHER BY FUSSION.ELECTRICAL WELDING USED ANY WHERE.IT JOINT ALL COMMERCIAL METAL.IT GIVE STRONG WELDING.DIFFRENT TYPE WELDING ARE USED.

2©2006 TEEX Hazards of Welding Operations  Fire hazards  Metal splatter  Electric shock  Explosion hazards  Released gases  Radiant energy  Where would these hazards be found on oil and gas well sites?

3©2006 TEEX Three Basic Types of Welding  Gas – Slower and easier to control than electric arc. Uses gas flame over metals until molten puddle is formed. Most popular fuels used with oxygen include acetylene, mapp gas, and hydrogen.  Arc – Two metals are joined by generating an electric arc between a covered metal electrode and the base metal.  Oxygen and Arc Cutting – Metal cutting in welding is the severing or removal of metal by a flame or arc.

4©2006 TEEX TYPES OF WELDING  RESISTANCE WELDING 1.BUTT WELDING 2.FLASH WELDING 3.SEAM WELDING 4.SPOT WELDING 5.PROJECTION WELDING  ARC WELDING

5©2006 TEEX Types of Welding Fusion Welding Use heat to melt the base metals and may add a filler metal Solid-State Welding Uses heat and pressure, or pressure alone, to join the metals; the temperature does not reach the melting point

6©2006 TEEX CLASSIFICATION OF WELDING

7©2006 TEEX Arc Welding Uses an electric arc to heat and melt the workmetals. FILLER METAL ARE USED

8©2006 TEEX Resistance Welding  Uses heat and pressure to join metals; the heat is generated by resistance to an electrical current at the welding point

9©2006 TEEX Friction Welding Uses pressure and frictional heat caused by mechanical rubbing, usually by rotation

10©2006 TEEX Diffusion Welding  Uses heat and pressure to join the metals by solid-state diffusion; the temperature is less than half the melting temperature atomic movement heat force

11©2006 TEEX Ultrasonic welding  Uses rapid vibrations to break up surface films and heat the surfaces, allowing them to bond

12©2006 TEEX TYPES OF ARC WELDING  ARC WELDING 1.METALIC ARC 2.CARBON ARC 3.ATOMIC HYDROGEN 4.SHIELDED ARC

13©2006 TEEX ADVANTEGE OF ELECTRICAL WELDING  LOW COST  LESS MAINTENANCE ARE REQWIRED  FLEXIBLE  REALIABILITY  NO POLLUTION  JOINT ALL COMMERCIAL METAL

14©2006 TEEX Protection of Personnel  Work in confined spaces requires consideration of:  Ventilation  Securing cylinders and machinery  Lifelines  Electrode removal (arc welding)  Gas cylinder shutoff (gas welding & cutting)  Warning signs for hot metal

15©2006 TEEX Dilution Ventilation  Contaminant should travel away from breathing zone.  Local exhaust ventilation may be more effective. PoorFair GoodBest