Kinematics: Intro Physic 11. What is kinematics?  area of Physics  Is the branch of mechanics concerned with motion without reference to force or mass.

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Presentation transcript:

Kinematics: Intro Physic 11

What is kinematics?  area of Physics  Is the branch of mechanics concerned with motion without reference to force or mass

Scalar verses vector:  Scalar: a measurement only having magnitude or size Ex: 55 km/hr 25 kg 88 mL  Vector: a measurement that has magnitude and direction Ex: 55 km/hr SW 125 m N

Distance: is a scalar quantity which refers to "how much ground an object has covered" during its motion. What was this person’s distance? Start/finish

Position (position vector):  Symbol:  Location of an object at a given time based off a point of reference  Position vector: starts from the origin of a coordinate system

Displacement:  The change or difference between the final position and the initial position of an object  Symbol: ∆d ∆d = position final – position inital ∆d = d f – d i

How are distance and displacement different? start finish 45 m 175 m

Time and time interval:  Usually the time at which an event begins is designated 0 (zero) seconds.  Time interval: the time elapsed between two instants of time ∆t= t final – t inital

What is the time interval for  A to B?  A to D?  C to D?

Speed:  Speed = distance__ time  describes how fast something is moving. It is a scalar quantity (does NOT indicate direction)

Example: While on vacation, Karen traveled a total distance of 440 km. Her trip took 5 hours. What was her average speed? sspeed= d / t s = 440km / 5hr s = 88km/hr

Average Velocity  A vector quantity that describes how fast and in what direction an object is moving (displacement/time interval)  “rate of change of position” V ave = ∆d or d f - d i ∆t t f - t i

Example 1: A helicopter flies 158 km due south from the airport to a rescue site and it arrives at the site 26.0 mins later, what is the helicopter’s velocity in km/hr? tt i = 0, t f =26min, d i =0km, d f =158 km S, V ave =? CConvert min to hrs: 26.0 min x1hour =0.433 hr 60min VV ave = ∆d ∆t = 158km – 0km 0.433hr – 0 hr = 367 km/hr

Example 2: The space shuttle Endeavor is launched to altitude of m North of the surface of the earth. The shuttle travels at an average rate of 700 m/s. How long will it take for Endeavor to reach its orbit? tt i = 0, t f =?, d i =0m, d f = m N, V ave = 700m/s FFinish on board!

Practise:  Pg 39# 1, 2  Pg 40 # a, b  Pg 41# 1, 2  Pg 45# 2,3