Literary Criticism By Worth Weller. “Criticism” The process of applying a set of critical thinking tools to “illuminate” a text Provides an array of possibilities.

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Presentation transcript:

Literary Criticism By Worth Weller

“Criticism” The process of applying a set of critical thinking tools to “illuminate” a text Provides an array of possibilities Not meant to be exclusive Not meant to replace simple enjoyment of the text But may enhance both the pleasure and meaning of the experience of reading

Sociological Criticism Argues that literature is profoundly affected by: –The societal forces that surround authors –The societal forces that surround readers Usually divided into two schools: –Feminist –Marxist (Stanford 85)

Feminist Criticism Western civilization historically male- dominated Thus Western lit reflects “patriarchal” themes Views female ideals, values and points of view Omission of women from the “canon” (Stanford 85)

History of “Feminism”

History of “Feminism”…

History of “Feminism”…

History of “Feminism”

Margaret Sanger Birth control pioneer Early feminist, Jailed when she opened a family planning clinicJailed

Kate Chopin Lustful Suicide

Charlotte Perkins Gilman Women’s place in society Must be “mad” not to accept and appreciate that place Male doctors

Other Literary Feminists Henrik Ibsen – the Doll’s House Susan Glaspell – A Jury of Her Peers, Trifles Sylvia Plath – The Bell JarSylvia Plath

Marxist Criticism Focuses on ideological content and conflict: –Culture –Race –Class –Power Corrects social injustices (Meyer 68)

Marxist Critics Argue that literature is political in nature –Either challenges or supports economic oppression –Or if ignore class conflicts then supports them by supporting the status quo Pay more attention to content and theme than to form Believe individual conflict is part of the greater class struggle (Meyer 68)

Marxist Readings Would examine the sociological connections between Kate Chopin and Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Other Examples Langston Hughes William Faulkner The Beats The Doors Frederick Douglass Toni Morrison Zora Neal Hurston

Works Cited Meyer, Michael, ed. Thinking and Writing About Literature. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, Stanford, Judith, ed. Responding to Literature. Boston: McGraw Hill, 2006.