Bellringer Which event or development between 1800 and 1861 do you believe is most important in causing the Civil War? Why?Which event or development between 1800 and 1861 do you believe is most important in causing the Civil War? Why?

Reading Review Reading Review ~partners should split the following tasks then share & discussion the results~ Evolution of Political Parties Trace the development of political parties between 1832 and the Civil War –When did each party develop? –What were the platforms each party? –Who supported each party (state & people)? –Who were the major figures of each party? Presidents Update the Presidents chart with the Presidents between 1836 and 1860 based on your reading notes

2 nd party system Democrats Agriculturalists States rights Often more popular in South Favored external expansion Whigs Industrialists Federal rights Often more popular in North Favored internal expansion

Evolving Politics 1840: Democrats (states rights) vs. Whigs (federal power) 1848: Dems, Whigs, Free Soil (moderates resisting spread of slavery) 1854: Dems vs. Republicans

3 rd party system Democrats Agriculturalists States rights Pro-Slavery Mostly South Republicans Industrialists Federal rights Anti-Slavery / Free-Soil Exclusively North

Parties & Presidents ‘40: Dems/Whigs ‘48: Dm/Whg/FrS ‘54: Dems/Rep 1840: Harrison/Tyler (Whigs) 1844: Polk (Dems) 1848: Taylor/Fillmore (Whigs) 1852: Pierce (Dems) 1856: Buchanan (Dems)

Parties, Presidents, & Events Dms/Whg‘40: Tyler (?)? ‘44: Polk (D)D ’ Oregon Compromise, Texas, Mexico, Wilmot

The Oregon Dispute: 54’ 40 º or Fight!  By the mid-1840s, “Oregon Fever” was spurred on by the promise of free land.  The joint British-U. S. occupation ended in 1846.

The Mexican War ( )

The Mexican Cession

Wilmot Proviso Provided, territory from that, as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted. Provided, territory from that, as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted. Congr. David Wilmot (D-PA)

Dms/Whg Dm/Whg/FrS ‘40: Tyler (?) ‘44: Polk (D) ‘48: Fillmore (W)W ’ Oregon Compromise, Texas, Mexico, Wilmot California, Tom’s Cabin, Compromise of 1850 Parties, Presidents, & Events

The 1848 Presidential Election Results √

Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850  California statehood.

Compromise of 1850

Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896) So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln

Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!

Dms/Whg Dm/Whg/FrS ‘40: Tyler (?) ‘44: Polk (D) ‘48: Fillmore (W) ‘52: Pierce (D)D ’ Oregon Compromise, Texas, Mexico, Wilmot California, Tom’s Cabin, Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Neb Act, Popular sovereignty Parties, Presidents, & Events

1852 Presidential Election √ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

1852 Election Results

Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

“Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians” (pro-slavery Missourians)

Birth of the Republican Party, 1854  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.  Northern Whigs.  Northern Democrats.  Free-Soilers.  Know-Nothings.  Other miscellaneous opponents of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Dms/Whg Dm/Whg/FrS Dems/Rep ‘40: Tyler (?) ‘44: Polk (D) ‘48: Fillmore (W) ‘52: Pierce (D) ‘56: Buchanan (D)D ’ Oregon Compromise, Texas, Mexico, Wilmot California, Tom’s Cabin, Compromise of 1850 Kansas-Neb Act, Popular sovereignty Dred Scott, Lecompton Parties, Presidents, & Events

1856 Presidential Election √ James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Whig

1856 Election Results

Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

What caused the Panic of 1857?? What were its affects on the nation?

The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858 A House divided against itself, cannot stand. A House divided against itself, cannot stand.

Stephen Douglas Popular Sovereignty?

John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry, 1859

1860 Election Results 1860 Election Results

Secession!: SC  Dec. 20, 1860