Hand Tools Occupational Safety & Fundamentals

Suplemental Art

Introduction to Hand Tools Module

Safety Always wear _____ Make sure all tools are in good condition Never use damaged/worn _______ Never strike two ___________against each other Best made from alloy, dropped-forged steel

Hammers – claw / ball peen  Claw hammer  _______head  Wooden, steel, fiberglass handle  Used to drive _______, wedges, dowels  Pull ________from wood  _____faced vs. ______face

Claw hammer – drive a nail Hold nail ___degrees Grip handle at end Rest face on nail Few light _____ Move fingers – hit nail firmly on center of hammer _______ Hold hammer ________with nail head

Figure 2 - Proper use of a claw hammer

Claw hammer – pull a nail Claw under nail Pull nail straight ___from wood

Ball peen hammer ______face – striking ________face – align brackets  Strengthen welds Weight = 6 ounces – 2 ½ lbs. Use same as claw hammer  Round face = peening rivets

Weight forward hammer Heavier – 21 ounces _________strikes Less _________

Weight-Forward Hammers

Maintenance No ____________in handle Head secured to handle Replace cracked /broken __________ Keep face clean Hold ____________properly Strike only on _______of hammer

Mallets ___________to hammer Short wooden handle Head = softer metal  Plastic, wood, ___________ Used to reduce ______________to item being struck

Sledgehammers Composition – high carbon _________ Weight – 2-20 lbs. Double faced Crosspeen Never use your hand or anyone else's to hold an object before you hit it with a sledgehammer

sledgehammers Uses  Drive posts or large __________  Break ________and cast iron How Its Made Video made-hammer-time.html

Transparency 4 Figure 6 - Types of sledgehammers

Screwdrivers Tighten or remove __________ Made of ____________steel Identified by type of screw it _____ How Its Made Video its-made-screwdrivers.html

Transparency 3 Figure 3 - Six common types of screw heads

Figure 4 - Slotted and Phillips head screwdrivers

Figure 5 - Proper use of screwdriver Never use a screwdriver as a __________

Screwdrivers Clean tool  Dirt & grease Avoid damaged/worn/bent _________ Blade tip should be _______________ Never point blade tip towards _______

Ripping Bars Also called  Pry bar, pinch, wrecking bar Heavy duty _____________  Wood, concrete Octagonal Two specialized _______

Ripping bar

Nail pullers Cats paw Chisel bar Flat bar

Accidents Bar slips and you ______ Materials working on ____________

Pliers Made from ____________steel Jaws w/teeth to grip Do not use on nuts or bolts 6 common types

Slip joint pliers Adjustable _______ 2 jaw settings

Long nose pliers Also called ___________________ Used in tight places _______cutter near pivot

Lineman pliers Also called ___________________ Used to cut large heavy gauge ______ Wedged jaw reduce slippage Strong holding strength

Tongue and grove pliers Also called ______________® Grip  Flat, square, round, hexagonal objects Jaws adjust to __ positions Used to hold pipe

Vise-grip® pliers __________like a vise Knob in handle controls width/tension Release with ________

Rulers Flat steel Measuring tape Wooden folding rule Digital measuring device

Flat steel rule Simplest/most ____________ 6-12 inches Thinner is more ____________

Measuring tape

Curved cross section  Role up  Stay rigid Hook Lock

Wooden folding rule Usually 16 th 6’ & 8’ Best for measuring ________distance

Levels Horizontal - __________ Vertical - ____________ ___________level  Most common Electronic Laser

Spirit level Tough light weight metal  Magnesium  Aluminum Viles filled with ____________ ___________the level – more ___________

Spirit level

Digital & Laser levels

Squares Used for marking, checking, and measuring

Carpenter square Or framing square Squaring up sections of work 24” ________ 16” ________

Rafter angle square Also called ___________square Combination  protractor  Try square  Framing square

Combination square 12” blade 90 and 45 angles Uses  Checking square  Marking 90 and 45 angles  Checking level and plumb surfaces  Measuring

Plumb Bob Pointed weight attached to a string Hangs vertical or ___________

Chalk line String coated with __________ Some can be used as ______ ____

Bench Vise Gripping and holding Portable or fixed

Clamps Used for holding Sized by maximum ____________of jaw Examples  C-clamps metal work  Locking c-clamp  Spring clamp  Bar clamp  Pipe clamp  Hand screw clamp  Web clamp

Saws Main difference  Shape, number, pitch of teeth Fewer the ________= courser and faster

Backsaw Used for cutting _________  Miter and tenons

Compass saw Cuts curves in wood  Plywood, drywall Can fit into ________- _________

Coping saw Flexible blade Moldings

Dovetail saw Cutting fine joints  ____________

Hacksaw Cut through  Metals, screws, pipe, nails, bolts

Handsaw Crosscut  against _________ Ripsaw  With ___________

Files and rasps Cut, smooth, shape _________parts or ________ ________= slanting rows of teeth ___________= individual teeth

Chisels Chisel  Cut and shape wood Sloped ________ Cold chisel  Used to cut _________

Punches ____________metal  With hammer Made from hardened/tempered _____

Wrenches è Used to hold/turn screws, nuts, bolts, pipes è Nonadjustable & adjustable

Wrenches - nonadjustable Open ended

Box end

Allen

Combination

Adjustable wrenches Fixed and movable _______ Always choose correct size First set jaws to fit nut, bolt, pipe Could ______= injury or lose balance Pull wrench __________you

Pipe wrench

Spud wrench

Crescent wrench

Sockets & Ratchets

Wedges Hard rubber, plastic, wood, steel Tapered to thin edge Lift/separate ________

Utility knives Variety of cutting purposes ___________felt shingles Vinyl/linoleum ____________ drywall Replaceable razor like blade 1, 2, 3 _____________

Utility knives Never use on electrical wiring

Utility knives

Chain falls Chain block Chain hoist Manual & _________ Lifts ________loads

Come-alongs Cabin pullers Uses chain or rope Do not use for ________heavy ______

Wire brushes One of the most common hand tools All _____________areas us them Clean rusty tools, remove paint Do not use on ___________work

Shovels Also used by many trades __ basic shapes Round, square, spade Wooden or fiberglass ______ 2 basic sizes Long & short _______

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