Naming Inorganic Compounds Cations formed from a metal have the same name as the metal Metal ions with more than 1 charge: Examples: Cu + = copper (I) (old: cuprous) Pb +2 = lead (II) (old: plumbous) Cu +2 = copper (II) (old: cupric) Pb +4 = lead (IV) (old: plumbic) Fe +2 = iron (II) (old: ferrous)Sn +2 = tin (II) (old: stannous) Fe +3 = iron (III) (old: ferric)Sn +4 = tin (IV) (old: stannic) Mn +2 = manganese (II) (old: manganous) Mn +7 = manganese (VII) (old: manganic) Cations formed from non-metals end in -ium Example: NH 4 + ammonium ion.

21 Monatomic anions (with only one atom) end in -ide Example: Cl  is chloride ion Exceptions: hydroxide (OH  ), cyanide (CN  ), peroxide (O 2 2  ) Polyatomic anions (with many atoms) containing oxygen end in -ate or -ite (The one with more oxygen ends in  ate) Examples: NO 3 - is nitrate, NO 2 - is nitrite

31 Polyatomic anions containing oxygen with more than two members in the series are named as follows (in order of decreasing oxygen): per-….-ate -ate -ite hypo-….-ite Text, P. 64

41 Polyatomic anions containing oxygen with additional hydrogens: add “hydrogen” or “bi-” (one H) “dihydrogen” (two H), etc., to the name as follows: CO 3 2- is the carbonate anion HCO 3 - is the hydrogen carbonate (or bicarbonate) anion PO 4 -3 is the phosphate anion HPO 4 -2 is the hydrogen phosphate anion H 2 PO 4 - is the dihydrogen phosphate anion Note that the (-) charge decreases with each H that is added

51 Names and Formulas for Acids Acids have the general form HX The names of acids are related to the names of anions (X): -ide becomes hydro-….-ic acid -ate becomes -ic acid -ite becomes -ous acid

Text, P. 61

71 Names and Formulas of Binary Molecular Compounds Binary molecular compounds are composed of 2 nonmetals The most metallic element is usually written first (farthest left on the periodic table) Exception: NH 3 If both elements are in the same group, the lower one is written first Greek prefixes are used to indicate the number of atoms

Text, P. 62 Use a prefix to state how many of each atom are in the formula Don’t use “mono” for 1 st element When adding a prefix, the “ao” combination is truncated “tetroxide” “heptoxide”